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harsh (noun)

Толкование Перевод

1 raucous

a хриплый, сиплый или резкий, пронзительный

Синонимический ряд:

1. boisterous (adj.) blaring; boisterous; cacophonous; coarse; crude; loud; loud and rowdy; riotous; wild

2. harsh (adj.) discordant; dry; grating; harsh; hoarse; jarring; rasping; raspy; rough; rugged; rusty; squawky; strident; stridulent; stridulous

3. turbulent (adj.) disorderly; rambunctious; rowdy; rowdydowdy; rowdyish; rumbustious; termagant; tumultuous; turbulent; unruly

4. boisterous (noun) boisterous; chaotic; disorderly

5. harsh (noun) harsh; loud; piercing; shrill; strident

Антонимический ряд:

mellow

English-Russian base dictionary > raucous
2 katkera

yks.nom. katkera; yks.gen. katkeran; yks.part. katkeraa; yks.ill. katkeraan; mon.gen. katkerien katkerain; mon.part. katkeria; mon.ill. katkeriin

acrid (adje)

acrimonious (adje)

bitter (adje)

grievous (adje)

grim (adje)

virulent (adje)

embittered (noun)

hard (noun)

harsh (noun)

* * *

• embittered

• unsweet

• unkind

• sour

• severe

• painful

• ironical

• ironic

• hostile

• harsh

• virulent

• hard

• disillusioned

• disaffected

• bitter

• agonizing

• acrimonious

• acrid

• grievous

• grim

Suomi-Englanti sanakirja > katkera
3 noise

noun

1) (loud outcry) Lärm, der; Krach, der

don't make so much noise/such a loud noise — sei nicht so laut/mach nicht solchen Lärm od. Krach

make a noise about something — (fig.): (complain) wegen etwas Krach machen od. schlagen (ugs.)

2) (any sound) Geräusch, das; (loud, harsh, unwanted) Lärm, der

3) (Communications) Geräusch, das; (hissing) Rauschen, das

4)

make noises about doing something — davon reden, etwas tun zu wollen

* * *
[noiz]
noun

1) (a sound: I heard a strange noise outside; the noise of gunfire.) das Geräusch

2) (an unpleasantly loud sound: I hate noise.) der Lärm

•

- academic.ru/50138/noiseless">noiseless
- noiselessly
- noisy
- noisily
* * *

noise

[nɔɪz]

I. n

1. no pl (loudness) Lärm m, Krach m

deafening \noise ohrenbetäubender Lärm

to make a \noise Lärm [o Krach] machen

to stand the \noise den Lärm [o Krach] aushalten

2. (sound) Geräusch nt

strange \noises seltsame Geräusche

3. no pl ELEC, PHYS (interference) Rauschen nt

4.

▶ to make a \noise Aufsehen erregen

▶ to make \noises ( fam) Bemerkungen machen; (make trouble) Umstände machen

▶ to make \noises about sth Aufhebens um etw akk machen

▶ to make a \noise about sth/doing sth ( fam) viel Wind um etw akk machen

▶ to make [all] the correct [or proper] [or right] \noises die richtigen Worte finden

II. n modifier Lärm-

\noise level Lärmpegel m

\noise reduction Lärmverminderung f

\noise nuisance Lärmbelästigung f

III. vt usu passive ( dated)

▪ to \noise sth about etw verbreiten

* * *
[nɔɪz]
1. n
Geräusch nt; (= loud, irritating sound) Lärm m, Krach m; (ELEC = interference) Rauschen nt
what was that noise? —

a hammering noise — ein hämmerndes Geräusch

the noise of (the) jet planes — der Düsenlärm

the noise of the traffic —

the noise of the bells — der Lärm der Glocken

the noise of horses coming up the street — Pferdegetrappel die Straße herauf

noises in the ears (Med) — Ohrensausen nt

the rain made a noise on the roof — der Regen prasselte aufs Dach

it made a lot of noise — es war sehr laut, es hat viel Krach gemacht

don't make a noise! — sei leise!

stop making such a ( lot of) noise — hör auf, solchen Lärm or Krach zu machen

she made noises about leaving early — sie ließ immer wieder fallen, dass sie früh gehen wollte (inf)

he's always making noises about resigning — er redet dauernd davon, dass er zurücktreten will

to make reassuring/placatory noises — beruhigende/besänftigende Geräusche machen

she made ( all) the right noises — sie reagierte richtig

to make a lot of noise about sth (inf) — viel Geschrei um etw machen

to make a noise in the world — Aufsehen erregen, von sich reden machen

a big noise (fig inf) — ein großes Tier (inf)

noise abatement/prevention — Lärmbekämpfung f

2. vt

to noise sth abroad or about (old, hum) — etw verbreiten

it was noised about that... — es ging das Gerücht (um), dass...

* * *

noise [nɔız]

A s

1. Lärm m, Getöse n, Krach m, Geschrei n:

noise of battle Gefechtslärm;

hold your noise! umg halt den Mund!

2. Geräusch n:

what’s that noise? was ist das für ein Geräusch?;

a small noise ein leises Geräusch;

there is too much noise here hier ist es zu laut;

not make a noise ganz leise oder still sein

3. Rauschen n ( auch ELEK Störung), Summen n

4. fig Krach m, Streit m:

make a noise Krach machen ( about wegen)( → A 5)

5. fig Aufsehen n, Geschrei n:

make a noise viel Tamtam machen umg ( about wegen)( → A 4);

make a great noise in the world großes Aufsehen erregen, viel von sich reden machen

6. obs Gerücht n

B v/t noise about ( oder abroad, around) etwas verbreiten:

it’s being noised about that … man erzählt sich, dass …

* * *

noun

1) (loud outcry) Lärm, der; Krach, der

don't make so much noise/such a loud noise — sei nicht so laut/mach nicht solchen Lärm od. Krach

make a noise about something — (fig.): (complain) wegen etwas Krach machen od. schlagen (ugs.)

2) (any sound) Geräusch, das; (loud, harsh, unwanted) Lärm, der

3) (Communications) Geräusch, das; (hissing) Rauschen, das

4)

make noises about doing something — davon reden, etwas tun zu wollen

* * *

n.

Geräusch -e n.

Krach ¨-e m.

Lärm nur sing. m.

Rauschen - n.

English-german dictionary > noise
4 treatment

noun ((an) act or manner of treating: This chair seems to have received rough treatment; This patient/disease requires urgent treatment.) trato; tratamiento

treatment n

1. tratamiento

a treatment for cancer un tratamiento contra el cáncer

2. trato

animals should not suffer ill treatment los animales no deben sufrir un trato cruel

treatment

tr['triːtmənt]

noun

1 SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL tratamiento, cura

■ she's undergoing treatment for cancer se está sometiendo a un tratamiento contra el cáncer

■ he's not responding to treatment no responde al tratamiento

2 (manner of treating) trato; (behaviour) conducta

■ they criticized the treatment of prisioners criticaron el trato de los prisioneros

3 (process) tratamiento

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

preferential treatment trato preferente

treatment ['tri:tmənt] n

: trato m, tratamiento m (médico)

treatment

n.

• cura s.f.

• terapia s.f.

• tratamiento s.m.

• trato s.m.

'triːtmənt
mass & count noun

1) (handling - of person, animal, object) trato m; (- of subject, idea) tratamiento m

her treatment of her children — la manera como trata a sus hijos

the furniture has had some rough treatment — se les ha dado un muy mal trato a los muebles

2) (of metal, fabric, waste) tratamiento m

to get/give somebody the (full) treatment: those thugs certainly gave him the treatment esos matones le dieron una buena paliza; we got the full treatment: luxury accommodation, champagne... — nos trataron a cuerpo de rey: alojamiento de lujo, champán...

3) ( Med) tratamiento m

I'm having treatment for my back — estoy recibiendo tratamiento por mi problema de espalda

['triːtmǝnt]
1. N

1) (=handling) [of people] trato m ; [of object] trato m, manejo m ; [of subject, idea] tratamiento m

our treatment of foreigners — el trato que damos a los extranjeros

I wouldn't put up with such treatment — yo no permitiría que me trataran así or que me dieran ese trato

the judge was criticized for his harsh treatment of offenders — el juez fue criticado por su trato duro hacia los delincuentes

his treatment of the subject is superficial — el tratamiento que da al tema es superficial

• for a more extensive treatment of this subject I refer the reader to... — para ver este tema en más profundidad remito al lector a...

• at that restaurant you get the full treatment — en ese restaurante te tratan a cuerpo de rey *

• to give sb preferential treatment — dar a algn un trato preferente

to get preferential treatment — recibir un trato preferente

• he has come in for some rough treatment from the press — ha recibido un trato duro por parte de la prensa

- give sb the treatment

2) (Med) tratamiento m

she has or receives or undergoes treatment twice a month — la someten a tratamiento dos veces al mes

• a course of treatment — un tratamiento

• he needs medical treatment — le hace falta atención médica or tratamiento médico

• I am still receiving treatment for the injury — todavía estoy en tratamiento por la lesión

• to respond to treatment — responder al tratamiento

3) (=processing) [of sewage, waste] tratamiento m

2.

CPD

treatment room N — (Med) sala f de curas

* * *
['triːtmənt]
mass & count noun

1) (handling - of person, animal, object) trato m; (- of subject, idea) tratamiento m

her treatment of her children — la manera como trata a sus hijos

the furniture has had some rough treatment — se les ha dado un muy mal trato a los muebles

2) (of metal, fabric, waste) tratamiento m

to get/give somebody the (full) treatment: those thugs certainly gave him the treatment esos matones le dieron una buena paliza; we got the full treatment: luxury accommodation, champagne... — nos trataron a cuerpo de rey: alojamiento de lujo, champán...

3) ( Med) tratamiento m

I'm having treatment for my back — estoy recibiendo tratamiento por mi problema de espalda

English-spanish dictionary > treatment
5 critic

noun

Kritiker, der/Kritikerin, die

literary critic — Literaturkritiker, der/-kritikerin, die

* * *
['kritik]
noun

1) (a person who judges or comments on books, art etc: He is the book critic for the local newspaper.) der/die Kritiker(in)

2) (a person who finds fault: His critics would say that he is unsuitable for the job.) der/die Kritiker(in)

•

- academic.ru/17302/critical">critical
- critically
- criticize
- criticise
- criticism
* * *

crit·ic

[ˈkrɪtɪk, AM -t̬-]

n Kritiker(in) m(f); (for books) Rezensent(in) m(f)

a harsh \critic ein scharfer Kritiker/eine scharfe Kritikerin

* * *
['krItɪk]
n
Kritiker(in) m(f)
literary critic — Literaturkritiker(in) m(f)

he's his own worst critic — er kritisiert sich selbst am meisten, er ist sein schlimmster Kritiker

she is a strong/constant critic of the government — sie kritisiert die Regierung heftig/ständig or heftig/ständig an der Regierung

* * *

critic [ˈkrıtıkl] s Kritiker(in):

a) Beurteiler(in):

he is his own severest critic er ist selbst sein strengster Kritiker

b) Rezensent(in)

c) Krittler(in)

* * *

noun

Kritiker, der/Kritikerin, die

literary critic — Literaturkritiker, der/-kritikerin, die

* * *

n.

Kritiker - m.

English-german dictionary > critic
6 reality

noun

1) no pl. Realität, die

bring somebody back to reality — jemanden in die Realität zurückholen

in reality — in Wirklichkeit

2) no pl. (resemblance to original) Naturtreue, die

* * *

[ri'æləti]

noun

1) (that which is real and not imaginary: It was a relief to get back to reality after hearing the ghost story.) die Realität

2) (the state of being real.) die Wirklichkeit

3) ((often in plural - realities) a fact: Death and sorrow are two of the grim realities of human existence.) die Realität

* * *

re·al·ity

[riˈæləti, AM -ət̬i]

n

1. no pl (the actual world) Realität f, Wirklichkeit f

to be in/out of touch with \reality den Sinn für die Realität haben/verloren haben

to bear little resemblance to \reality wenig mit der Realität zu tun haben

to come back to \reality auf den Boden der Tatsachen zurückkehren

to escape from \reality vor der Realität flüchten

to face [or confront] \reality den Tatsachen ins Auge sehen, sich akk der Realität stellen

to lose touch with \reality den Sinn für die Realität verlieren

the \reality of the situation is that... die tatsächliche Situation sieht so aus, dass...

2. (fact) Tatsache f

harsh \reality harte Tatsache

to become a \reality wahr werden, sich akk verwirklichen

to make one's ambition/goal/plan a \reality seine Ambitionen/sein Ziel/seinen Plan in die Tat umsetzen

to make sb's dream a \reality jds Traum wahr werden lassen

3. no pl ART, LIT Realität f; of a portrayal, painting Naturtreue f

4.

▶ in \reality in Wirklichkeit, tatsächlich

* * *
[riː'lItɪ]
n

1) Wirklichkeit f, Realität f

to become reality — sich verwirklichen

(the) reality is somewhat different — die Wirklichkeit or Realität sieht etwas anders aus

to bring sb back to reality — jdn auf den Boden der Tatsachen zurückbringen

the realities of the situation — der wirkliche Sachverhalt

2) (= trueness to life) Naturtreue f

* * *

reality [rıˈælətı] s

1. Realität f, Wirklichkeit f:

in reality

a) in Wirklichkeit, tatsächlich,

b) in der Praxis;

become (a) reality wahr werden (Traum etc);

bring sb back to reality jemanden auf den Boden der Tatsachen zurückholen;

make sth a reality etwas verwirklichen;

believe in the reality of God an die tatsächliche Existenz Gottes glauben

2. Wirklichkeitstreue f

3. Tatsache f, Gegebenheit f

* * *

noun

1) no pl. Realität, die

bring somebody back to reality — jemanden in die Realität zurückholen

in reality — in Wirklichkeit

2) no pl. (resemblance to original) Naturtreue, die

* * *

n.

Realität -en f.

Wirklichkeit f.

English-german dictionary > reality
7 harshness

noun die Härte

* * *

harsh·ness

[ˈhɑ:ʃnəs, AM ˈhɑ:rʃ-]

n no pl

1. (roughness) Rauheit f; of weather Härte f, Strenge f; of terrain Unwirtlichkeit f

2. (disagreeableness) of colours, light Grelle f; of fabric Rauheit f; of voice Heiserkeit f

3. (rigour) Härte f, Strenge f; (criticism) Schärfe f

4. (brusqueness) Schroffheit f

* * *
['hAːʃnɪs]
n

1) (of winter, conditions) Härte f; (of weather, climate, environment) Rauheit f, Unwirtlichkeit f

2) (= severity of words, remarks, criticism) Schärfe f; (of verdict, sentence, punishment, treatment) Härte f; (of discipline) Strenge f

3) (= roughness of sound, voice, wool, fabric) Rauheit f; (of breathing) rasselnde Art; (of cleaner, detergent) Schärfe f; (of taste, wine, whisky) Herbheit f; (of light, colours) Grelle f

* * *

harshness s Härte f

* * *

n.

Härte -n f.

English-german dictionary > harshness
8 harshness

noun aspereza

* * *

harsh.ness

[h'a:ʃnis] n 1 aspereza, severidade. 2 crueldade, rispidez.

English-Portuguese dictionary > harshness
9 harshness

noun

резкость; грубость, жесткость

Syn:

bitterness

* * *

(n) грубость; резкость; суровость

* * *

резкость, порывистость; грубость, жесткость

* * *
['harsh·ness || 'hɑrʃnɪs /hɑːʃ-] n. грубость, жесткость, резкость
* * *

шероховатость

шершавость

* * *
резкость, порывистость

Новый англо-русский словарь > harshness
10 usage

noun

1) употребление

2) обхождение, обращение; harsh usage грубое обращение

3) обычай, обыкновение

4) словоупотребление

* * *

(n) пользование; употребление

* * *

употребление

* * *
[us·age || 'juːsɪdʒ] n. обращение, обиход, обхождение, употребление, словоупотребление, обыкновение, обычай
* * *

обиход

обращение

обхождение

обыкновение

обычай

словоупотребление

употребление

употребления

* * *
1) обыкновение 2) обращение (с приборами, людьми и т.п.)

Новый англо-русский словарь > usage
11 dur

dur, e [dyʀ]

1. adjective

   a. [roche, métal, lit, crayon, sol] hard ; [carton, col, brosse, porte] stiff ; [viande] tough

• être dur d'oreille to be hard of hearing

   b. [problème, travail, parcours] hard

• dur à manier/croire hard to handle/believe

• c'est un enfant très dur he's a very difficult child

   c. [climat, punition, combat, couleur] harsh ; [leçon] hard ; [eau] hard

• la vie est dure it's a hard life

• les temps sont durs times are hard

• il nous mène la vie dure he gives us a hard time

• le plus dur est passé the worst is over

   d. ( = sévère) hard ; [loi, critique] harsh

• être dur avec or pour or envers qn to be hard on sb

   e. ( = insensible) [personne] hard

2. adverb

[travailler, frapper] (inf) hard

• croire à qch dur comme fer to have a blind belief in sth

3. masculine noun

• c'est un dur (inf) he's a tough guy (inf)

• c'est un dur à cuire (inf) he's a tough nut (inf)

• jouer les durs to act tough

► en dur

• une construction en dur a permanent structure

• un court (de tennis) en dur a hard court

4. feminine noun

► à la dure

• être élevé à la dure to be brought up the hard way

• vivre à la dure to live rough

* * *

1.

dure dyʀ adjectif

1) ( difficile à entamer) [matériau, pain, siège, matelas] hard; [viande] tough; ( rigide) [pinceau, poil, cuir, carton] stiff; [brosse à dents] hard; [plastique] rigid; [ressort] hard

2) ( malaisé à manipuler) [fermeture, poignée, pédale] stiff; [direction, volant] heavy

3) ( résistant) [personne]

dur au mal — tough

elle est dure à la tâche or au travail — she's a hard worker

4) ( anguleux) [profil, traits] hard

5) ( blessant) [son, voix, ton, parole, lumière, couleur] harsh

6) ( hostile) [visage, expression] severe

7) ( intransigeant) [parents, patron] ( en général) hard; ( à l'occasion) harsh; [régime] hard; [faction, politique] hardline (épith)

il est très dur avec ses élèves — ( comme défaut) he's very hard on his pupils

il est dur mais juste — ( comme qualité) he's tough but fair

la droite/gauche dure — the hard Right/Left

8) ( contraignant) [loi naturelle, conditions de vie] harsh; [conditions de crédit, termes de sécurité] tough

9) ( éprouvant) [métier] gén hard; ( physiquement) tough; [climat, nécessité] harsh; [concurrence, sport, ascension] hard, tough

cela a été une dure épreuve — it was quite an ordeal

c'est la dure réalité — it's the grim reality

les temps sont durs — times are hard

10) ( difficile) [examen, problème] hard

il est dur à supporter — he's heavy going

11) ( sans fard) [film, reportage] hard-hitting (épith)

12) ( calcaire) [eau] hard

2.

nom masculin, féminin

1) ( personne solide) tough nut (colloq)

jouer les durs — to act tough

2) Politique ( partisan) hardliner

3.

adverbe [travailler, frapper] hard

4.

nom masculin permanent structure

5.

à la dure locution adverbiale the hard way

••

être dur d'oreille — (sl) to be hard of hearing

avoir la tête dure — ( obstiné) to be stubborn; ( obtus) to be dense

avoir la vie dure — [insectes] to be difficult to get rid of; [habitude, préjugé] to die hard

elle a la vie dure — she has a hard life

mener la vie dure à quelqu'un — to give somebody a hard time

en faire voir de dur à ses parents — to give one's parents a hard time

* * *
dyʀ dur, -e
1. adj

1) (pierre, siège) hard, (viande) tough

2) (travail, problème) hard

3) (lumière, voix, climat) harsh

4) (= sévère) (= maître) hard, (= discipline) harsh

être dur avec qn — to be hard on sb

mener la vie dure à qn — to give sb a hard time

5) (= cruel) hard, hard-hearted

6) (porte, col) stiff

2. adv

hard

travailler dur — to work hard

3. nm/f

(= personne) tough guy

4. nm

en dur (bâtiment, installations) ; une construction en dur — a permanent structure

construire en dur — to build a permanent structure

5. nf

à la dure [élever un enfant] — the hard way, [dormir] rough

sur la dure [dormir] — rough

* * *

dur, dure

A adj

1 ( difficile à entamer) [matériau, sol, crème glacée, mine de crayon] hard; ⇒ dent, détente;

2 ( difficile à mâcher) [pain, légume] hard; [viande] tough;

3 ( rigide) [pinceau, poil, cuir, carton] stiff; [brosse à dents] hard; [plastique] rigid; [ressort] hard;

4 ( sans confort) [banquette, siège, matelas] hard;

5 ( malaisé à manipuler) [fermeture, poignée, pédale] stiff; [direction, volant] heavy; dur à ouvrir/tourner hard to open/to turn;

6 ( résistant) [personne] dur au mal tough; elle est dure à la fatigue she doesn't tire easily; elle est dure à la tâche or au travail she's a hard worker; elle est dure à la douleur she can stand a lot of pain;

7 ( anguleux) [profil, traits] hard; [dessin] angular;

8 ( blessant) [son, voix, ton, parole, lumière, couleur] harsh; il n'y a pas de mots assez durs pour condamner… there are no words harsh enough to condemn…;

9 ( hostile) [visage, expression] severe; elle lui a jeté un regard dur she gave him/her a severe look;

10 ( intransigeant) [parents, patron] ( en général) hard; ( à l'occasion) harsh; [régime] hard; [faction, politique] hardline ( épith); il est très dur avec ses élèves ( comme défaut) he's very hard on his pupils; il est dur mais juste ( comme qualité) he's tough but fair; la droite/gauche dure the hard Right/Left; ⇒ noyau;

11 ( contraignant) [loi naturelle, conditions de vie] harsh; [conditions de crédit, termes de sécurité] tough;

12 ( éprouvant) [métier] gén hard ( physiquement) tough; [climat, nécessité] harsh; [concurrence, sport, ascension] hard, tough; cela a été une dure épreuve it was quite an ordeal; l'hiver a été très dur cette année it's been a very hard winter this year; le plus dur sera de faire the hardest thing will be to do; le plus dur est passé/reste à faire the hardest part is over/is still to come; il a fait le plus dur du travail hier he did the hardest part of the work yesterday; c'est dur de se lever si tôt it's hard to get up so early; ce fut très dur pour lui de faire it was very hard for him to do; c'est la dure réalité it's the grim reality; les temps sont durs times are hard; dur, dur○! it's tough!;

13 ( difficile) [examen, problème] hard; pour moi, le plus dur c'est la syntaxe for me, the hardest thing is syntax; dur à hard to; dur à résoudre/admettre hard to solve/admit; il est dur à supporter he's heavy going;

14 ( sans fard) [film, récit, reportage] hard-hitting ( épith);

15 ( calcaire) [eau] hard;

16 Phys [rayons X] hard; les rayons durs hard radiation;

17 Phon [consonne] ( non palatalisée) hard; ( tendue) fortis spéc;

18 Naut [mer] choppy.

B nm,f

1 ( personne solide) tough nut○, tough cookie○; jouer les durs to act tough; c'est un dur de durs he's a real tough nut○;

2 Pol ( partisan) hardliner.

C adv [travailler, frapper] hard; ça tape dur aujourd'hui○ [soleil] it's boiling hot today; ça grimpe○ dur! it's a hell○ of a climb!; ⇒ fer.

D nm permanent structure; construire en dur to build a permanent structure; construction en dur permanent structure.

E à la dure loc adv j'ai élevé mes enfants à la dure my children were brought up the hard way.

F dures nfpl en faire voir de dures à ses parents to give one's parents a hard time; en dire de dures à qn to say cruel things to sb.

Composé

dur à cuire tough nut○ ou cookie○.

Idiomes

dur comme (de la) pierre [objet] rock-hard ( épith); [cœur, personne] as hard as nails; être dur d'oreille or de la feuille◑ to be hard of hearing; avoir la tête dure ( obstiné) to be stubborn; ( obtus) to be dense; avoir la vie dure [insectes] to be difficult to get rid of; [habitude, préjugé] to die hard; elle a la vie dure ( pas facile) she has a hard life; ( résistante) she keeps hanging on; mener la vie dure à qn to give sb a hard time; la vie est dure it's a hard life.

( féminin dure) [dyr] adjectif

1. [ferme - viande] tough ; [ - muscle] firm, hard ; [ - lit, mine de crayon] hard

dur comme du bois ou le marbre ou le roc rock-hard

2. [difficile] hard, difficult

la route est dure à monter it's a hard road to climb

c'est plutôt dur à digérer, ton histoire! (familier) your story's rather hard to take!

il est parfois dur d'accepter la vérité accepting the truth can be hard ou difficult

le plus dur dans l'histoire, c'est de comprendre ce qui s'est passé the hardest part of the whole business is understanding what really happened

3. [pénible à supporter - climat] harsh

les conditions de vie sont de plus en plus dures life gets harder and harder

le plus dur est passé maintenant the worst is over now

les temps sont durs these are hard times

plus dure sera la chute (allusion) BIBLE (the higher they come) the harder they fall

dur dur (familier) : pas de congé?/plus de café? dur dur! no time off?/no coffee left? that's a blow!

4. [cruel]

ne sois pas dur avec lui don't be nasty to ou tough on him

5. [rude, froid] harsh

d'une voix dure in a harsh voice

des yeux d'un bleu très dur steely blue eyes

6. [endurci] tough

dur à: il est dur à la douleur he's tough, he can bear a lot of (physical) pain

il est dur au travail ou à l'ouvrage he's a hard worker

avoir le cœur dur to have a heart of stone, to be hardhearted

il est dur à cuire (familier) he's a hard nut to crack

dur à la détente (familier) tight-fisted

être dur d'oreille ou de la feuille (familier) to be hard of hearing

7. [intransigeant] hard

la droite/gauche dure the hard right/left

8. PHONÉTIQUE & PHYSIQUE hard

————————

, dure [dyr] nom masculin, nom féminin

(familier)

1. [personne sans faiblesse] toughie, tough nut (UK) ou cookie (US)

un dur en affaires a hard-nosed businessman

c'est un dur à cuire he's a hard nut to crack

2. [voyou] tough guy, toughie

un dur de dur a real tough nut (UK) ou tough guy

3. POLITIQUE hard-liner, hawk

les durs du parti the hard core in the party

————————

adverbe

1. [avec force] hard

il a tapé ou frappé dur he hit hard

il travaille dur sur son nouveau projet he's working hard ou he's hard at work on his new project

il croit dur comme fer qu'elle va revenir he believes doggedly ou he's adamant that she'll come back

2. [avec intensité]

le soleil tape dur aujourd'hui the sun is beating down today

————————

dures nom féminin pluriel

(familier) [histoires, moments]

il lui en a fait voir de dures he gave her a hard time

il nous en a dit de dures he told us some really nasty things

————————

à la dure locution adverbiale

élever ses enfants à la dure to bring up one's children the hard way

————————

en dur locution adjectivale

construction/maison en dur building/house built with non-temporary materials

————————

sur la dure locution adverbiale

coucher sur la dure to sleep on the ground

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > dur
12 jar

I 1. noun
1) (harsh or grating sound) Quietschen, das

2) (jolt) Stoß, der; (thrill of nerves, shock) Schlag, der
2. intransitive verb,
- rr-

1) (sound discordantly) quietschen; (rattle) [Fenster:] scheppern (ugs.)

jar on or against something — über etwas (Akk.) knirschen

2) (have discordant or painful effect)

jar [up]on somebody/somebody's nerves — jemandem auf die Nerven gehen

jar on the ears — durch Mark und Bein gehen (ugs. scherzh.)

a jar ring sound — ein Geräusch, das einem durch und durch geht
3. transitive verb,
- rr-

1) (cause to vibrate) erschüttern

2) (send shock through)

jar somebody's nerves — jemandem auf die Nerven gehen

jar one's elbow — sich (Dat.) den Ellbogen anschlagen
II noun
(vessel) Topf, der; (of glass) Glas, das

jar of jam — etc. Topf/Glas Marmelade usw

* * *
I noun
(a kind of bottle made of glass or pottery, with a wide mouth: She poured the jam into large jars; jam-jars.)
II past tense, past participle - jarred; verb
1) ((with on) to have a harsh and startling effect (on): Her sharp voice jarred on my ears.) weh tun

2) (to give a shock to: The car accident had jarred her nerves.) erschüttern

•

- academic.ru/88397/jarring">jarring

* * *

jar¹

[ʤɑ:ʳ, AM ʤɑ:r]

n

1. (of glass) Glas[gefäß] nt; (of clay, without handle) Topf m; (of clay, with handle) Krug m; (of metal) Topf m

2. BRIT ( fam: glass of beer) Bierchen nt fam

to have a \jar ein Bierchen trinken [o fam zwitschern]

to have a fair few \jars so einiges wegkippen fam

jar²

[ʤɑ:ʳ, AM ʤɑ:r]

I. vt

<- rr->

1. (strike)

▪ to \jar sb/sth against [or on] sth jdn/etw gegen etw akk schleudern

the train stopped suddenly, \jarring me against the door der Zug hielt plötzlich an, dabei wurde ich gegen die Tür geschleudert

2. (influence unpleasantly)

▪ to \jar sth etw verletzen

a screech of brakes \jarred the silence das Kreischen von Bremsen zerriss die Stille

to \jar the eye dem Auge weh tun

the harsh colours \jarred the eye die grellen Farben taten den Augen weh

3. (send a shock through)

▪ to \jar sth etw erschüttern [o durchrütteln

II. vi

<- rr->

1. (cause unpleasant feelings)

▪ to \jar on sb jdm auf den Nerv [o die Nerven] gehen fam

2. (make an unpleasant sound) kreischen, quietschen

to \jar on the ears in den Ohren weh tun, die Ohren beleidigen

III. n

1. (sudden unpleasant shake) Ruck m

2. (shock) Erschütterung f, Schock m

to give sb a \jar jdm einen Schock versetzen

* * *
I [dZAː(r)]
n

1) (for jam etc) Glas nt; (without handle) Topf m, Gefäß nt

2) (Brit inf = drink) Bierchen nt (inf)

fancy a jar? — kommst du (mit) auf ein Bierchen? (inf)
II
1. n

1) (= jolt) Ruck m

he/his neck got quite a jar in the accident — er/sein Hals hat bei dem Autounfall einen schweren Stoß abbekommen

2) (fig) Schock m

2. vi

1) (= grate metal etc) kreischen, quietschen

to jar against sth — auf etw (dat) quietschen or kreischen

2) (= be out of harmony) (note) schauerlich klingen; (colours, patterns) sich beißen (inf), nicht harmonieren (with mit); (ideas, opinions) sich nicht vertragen, nicht harmonieren (with mit)

3. vt
building etc, brain erschüttern; back, knee sich (dat) stauchen; (= jolt continuously) durchrütteln; (fig) einen Schock versetzen (+dat)
he must have jarred the camera — er muss mit dem Fotoapparat gewackelt haben

someone jarred my elbow — jemand hat mir an den or mich am Ellbogen gestoßen

the sight of this jarred my memory — dieser Anblick rüttelte alte Erinnerungen wach

* * *

jar¹ [dʒɑː(r)] s

1. (irdenes oder gläsernes) Gefäß, Krug m, Topf m

2. (Marmelade-, Einmach) Glas n

3. Br umg Glas n Bier:

have a jar with sb mit jemandem ein Bier trinken

jar² [dʒɑː(r)]

A v/i

1. kratzen, kreischen, quietschen ( alle:

on auf dat)

2. nicht harmonieren:

a) sich beißen umg (Farben)

b) sich widersprechen (Meinungen etc):

jarring opinions widerstreitende Meinungen

c) MUS dissonieren:

jarring misstönend;

jarring tone Misston m (auch fig)

3. jar (up)on wehtun (dat) (Farbe, Geräusch etc), das Auge, Ohr, ein Gefühl beleidigen:

jar on sb’s nerves jemandem auf die Nerven gehen

4. a) wackeln:

jar loose sich lockern

b) zittern, beben

B v/t

1. kratzen oder quietschen mit

2. a) erschüttern (auch fig)

b) durchrütteln

c) fig er-, aufregen

3. → A 3

C s

1. Kratzen n, Kreischen n, Quietschen n

2. a) Erschütterung f (auch fig)

b) Stoß m

3. MUS Missklang m, Dissonanz f (beide auch fig)

4. a) Streit m

b) Zusammenstoß m

jar³ [dʒɑː(r)] s:

on a ( oder the) jar angelehnt (Tür etc)

* * *
I 1. noun
1) (harsh or grating sound) Quietschen, das

2) (jolt) Stoß, der; (thrill of nerves, shock) Schlag, der
2. intransitive verb,
- rr-

1) (sound discordantly) quietschen; (rattle) [Fenster:] scheppern (ugs.)

jar on or against something — über etwas (Akk.) knirschen

2) (have discordant or painful effect)

jar [up]on somebody/somebody's nerves — jemandem auf die Nerven gehen

jar on the ears — durch Mark und Bein gehen (ugs. scherzh.)

a jar ring sound — ein Geräusch, das einem durch und durch geht
3. transitive verb,
- rr-

1) (cause to vibrate) erschüttern

2) (send shock through)

jar somebody's nerves — jemandem auf die Nerven gehen

jar one's elbow — sich (Dat.) den Ellbogen anschlagen
II noun
(vessel) Topf, der; (of glass) Glas, das

jar of jam — etc. Topf/Glas Marmelade usw

* * *

n.

Glas ¨-er n.

Glas ¨-er

Gefäß -e n.

Krug ¨-e m.

English-german dictionary > jar
13 rough

1.
[rʌf]adjective

1) (coarse, uneven) rau; holp[e]rig [Straße usw.]; uneben [Gelände]; aufgewühlt [Wasser]; unruhig [Überfahrt]

2) (violent) rau, roh [Person, Worte, Behandlung, Benehmen]; rau [Gegend]

3) (harsh to the senses) rau; kratzig [Geschmack, Getränk]

rough cider — saurer Apfelwein

4) (trying) hart

this is rough on him — das ist hart für ihn

have a rough time — es schwer haben

give somebody a rough time — es jemandem schwer machen

5) (fig.): (lacking finish, polish) derb; rau [Empfang]; unbeholfen [Stil]; ungeschliffen [Benehmen, Sprache]

he has a few rough edges — (fig.) er ist ein wenig ungeschliffen

6) (rudimentary) primitiv [Unterkunft, Leben]; (approximate) grob [Skizze, Schätzung, Einteilung, Übersetzung]; vag[e] [Vorstellung]

rough notes — stichwortartige Notizen

rough draft — Rohentwurf, der

rough paper/notebook — Konzeptpapier, das/Kladde, die

7) (coll.): (ill) angeschlagen (ugs.)
2. noun
1) (Golf) Rough, das

2)

take the rough with the smooth — die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen

3) (unfinished state)

[be] in rough — [sich] im Rohzustand [befinden]
3. adverb
rau [spielen]; scharf [reiten]

sleep rough — im Freien schlafen
4. transitive verb
rough it — primitiv leben

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/91100/rough_out">rough out

- rough up

* * *
1. adjective
1) (not smooth: Her skin felt rough.) rauh

2) (uneven: a rough path.) uneben

3) (harsh; unpleasant: a rough voice; She's had a rough time since her husband died.) rauh,hart

4) (noisy and violent: rough behaviour.) roh

5) (stormy: The sea was rough; rough weather.) rauh

6) (not complete or exact; approximate: a rough drawing; a rough idea/estimate.) roh
2. noun
1) (a violent bully: a gang of roughs.) der Schläger

2) (uneven or uncultivated ground on a golf course: I lost my ball in the rough.) unebener Boden

•

- roughly
- roughness
- roughage
- roughen
- rough diamond
- rough-and-ready
- rough-and-tumble
- rough it
- rough out
* * *

rough

[rʌf]

I. adj

1. (uneven) rau; ground, terrain uneben; landscape rau, unwirtlich; road holprig

\rough fur/hair struppiges Fell/Haar

\rough skin raue Haut

2. (not soft) accent, sound, voice rau, hart; (in taste) wine sauer; brandy hart

3. (harsh) rau, hart

\rough area raue Gegend

\rough play raues [o hartes] Spiel

\rough sea raue See

\rough weather raues [o stürmisches] Wetter

4. ( fam: difficult) hart, schwer

▪ to be \rough on sb für jdn schwer [o hart] sein

to give sb a \rough time jdm das Leben ganz schön schwermachen

5. BRIT ( fam: ill)

to look \rough mitgenommen aussehen fam

to feel \rough sich akk elend fühlen

6. (plain) furniture unbearbeitet; gem ungeschliffen, Roh-

7. (makeshift) einfach, primitiv

8. (unrefined) rau, ungehobelt

\rough ways ungehobelte Manieren

9. (imprecise) grob

\rough calculation/estimate grobe [o ungefähre] Kalkulation/Schätzung

to give sb a \rough idea of sth jdm eine ungefähre Vorstellung von etw dat geben

\rough work Rohfassung f

10.

▶ to give sb the \rough edge [or side] of one's tongue ( fam) jdm gegenüber einen rauen Ton anschlagen fam

▶ to give sb a \rough ride [or time] jdm gehörig den Marsch blasen fam

II. adv ( fam) rau

▶ to sleep \rough BRIT im Freien schlafen

III. n

1. esp BRIT ( pej: person) Rohling m pej

2. no pl (in golf)

▪ the \rough das Rough fachspr

3. (sketch) Entwurf m, Konzept nt

in \rough skizzenhaft

4.

▶ to be a diamond in the \rough AM rau, aber herzlich sein

▶ to take the \rough with the smooth die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen

IV. vt ( fam)

to \rough it [ganz] primitiv leben [o pej hausen]

* * *
[rʌf]
1. adj (+er)

1) (= uneven) ground uneben; path, road uneben, holprig; surface, skin, hands, cloth rau

rough edges (fig) — Ecken und Kanten pl

2) (= harsh) sound hart; voice, tone rau; taste, wine sauer; words grob, hart

to have rough luck — schweres Pech haben

to have a rough tongue (fig) —

he got the rough side of her tongue — er bekam (von ihr) den Marsch geblasen

3) (= coarse, unrefined) person ungehobelt; manners, speech grob, roh

4) (= violent) person, child grob, roh; treatment, handling grob, hart; life wüst; children's game wild; match, sport, work hart; neighbourhood, manners, pub rau; sea, weather, wind rau, stürmisch; sea crossing stürmisch

a rough customer (inf) — ein übler Typ (inf)

to be rough with sb — grob mit jdm umgehen, unsanft mit jdm umspringen (inf)

rough play (Sport) — Holzerei f (inf)

5) (inf

= unpleasant) he had a rough time (of it) — es ging ihm ziemlich dreckig (inf)

to be in for a rough time (of it) — harten Zeiten entgegensehen

the examiners gave him a rough time — die Prüfer haben ihn ganz schön rangenommen (inf)

to make things rough for sb — jdm Schwierigkeiten machen

to be rough on sb — grob mit jdm umspringen

it's rough on him —

things are rough just now to have a rough ride — die Dinge stehen im Moment schlecht es nicht leicht haben

to get a rough ride — Schwierigkeiten bekommen

to give sb a rough ride — jdm die Hölle heißmachen (inf)

he faces a rough ride from the media — die Medien werden es ihm nicht leicht machen

when the going gets rough... — wenn es hart wird,...

6) (= approximate, rudimentary) plan, calculation, estimate, translation grob, ungefähr; workmanship schludrig

rough sketch — Faustskizze f

in its rough state — im Rohzustand

do your rough work on the paper provided — macht euer Konzept auf dem dafür bereitgestellten Papier

at a rough guess — grob geschätzt

to give sb a rough idea — jdm einen groben Anhaltspunkt geben

to have a rough idea — eine vage Idee or eine ungefähre Ahnung haben

7) (= basic, crude) shelter notdürftig; clothes derb

8) (inf

= unwell) to feel rough — sich mies fühlen (inf)

the engine sounds pretty rough — der Motor hört sich nicht gerade gut an

2. adv
live wüst; play wild
to sleep rough — im Freien übernachten

3. n

1) unwegsames Gelände; (GOLF) Rau nt

rough or smooth? (Sport) ( ) — untere oder obere Seite?des Schlägers, die durch einen roten Faden gekennzeichnet ist zum Bestimmen, wer anfängt

she likes a bit of rough ( Brit inf : sexually ) — sie mags gern heftig (sl)

2)

(= unpleasant aspect) to take the rough with the smooth — das Leben nehmen, wie es kommt

3) (= draft, sketch) Rohentwurf m

in (the) rough — im Rohzustand

a diamond in the rough — ein Rohdiamant m

4) (= person) Rowdy m, Schläger m

4. vt

to rough it (inf) — primitiv leben

* * *

rough [rʌf]

A adj (adv → roughly)

1. allg rau (Haut, Oberfläche, Stimme etc)

2. rau, struppig (Haar)

3. holp(e)rig, uneben (Straße etc)

4. rau, unwirtlich, zerklüftet (Gegend etc)

5. a) rau (Wind)

b) stürmisch (Wetter):

a rough passage eine stürmische Überfahrt, fig eine schwierige Zeit;

give sb a rough passage jemandem arg zu schaffen machen;

he is in for a rough passage ihm steht einiges bevor;

rough sea SCHIFF grobe See; → ride A 1

6. fig

a) grob, roh (Manieren, Mann etc)

b) raubeinig, ungehobelt (Kerl etc)

c) heftig (Temperament)

d) rücksichtslos, hart (Spiel etc):

rough stuff umg Gewalttätigkeit(en) f(pl); → roughhouse A

7. rau, barsch, schroff (Person, Redeweise):

have a rough tongue eine raue Sprache sprechen, barsch sein;

give sb the rough side of one’s tongue jemandem den Marsch blasen umg

8. umg

a) rau (Behandlung etc)

b) hart (Tag, Leben etc)

c) garstig, böse:

it was rough es war eine böse Sache;

she had a rough time es ist ihr ziemlich dreckig gegangen umg;

give sb a rough time jemanden (ganz schön) rannehmen;

it was rough on her es war (ganz schön) hart für sie;

that’s rough luck for him da hat er aber Pech (gehabt)

9. roh, grob, unbearbeitet, im Rohzustand:

rough food grobe Kost;

rough rice unpolierter Reis;

rough stone

a) unbehauener Stein,

b) un(zu)geschliffener (Edel-)Stein;

rough style grober oder ungeschliffener Stil;

rough work grobe Arbeit; → rough-and-ready, rough diamond

10. Grob…, grobe Arbeit verrichtend (Arbeiter, Werkzeug): → rough file

11. unfertig, Roh…:

rough draft Rohfassung f;

rough sketch Faustskizze f;

in a rough state im Rohzustand, unfertig; → copy A 1

12. fig grob:

a) annähernd (richtig), ungefähr

b) flüchtig, im Überschlag:

rough analysis Rohanalyse f;

a rough guess eine grobe Schätzung;

at a rough guess grob geschätzt;

rough calculation Überschlag(srechnung) m(f);

rough size TECH Rohmaß n;

I have a rough idea where it is ich kann mir ungefähr vorstellen, wo es ist; → estimate C 1, outline A 4

13. TYPO unbeschnitten (Buchrand)

14. primitiv, unbequem (Unterkunft etc)

15. herb, sauer (Wein)

16. PHARM drastisch (Arzneimittel)

17. Br sl schlecht:

a) ungenießbar, verdorben

b) mies:

feel rough

B s

1. Rauheit f, Unebenheit f, (das) Raue oder Unebene:

over rough and smooth über Stock und Stein;

take the rough with the smooth fig die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen;

the rough(s pl) and the smooth(s pl) of life fig das Auf und Ab des Lebens; → rough-and-tumble B

2. Rohzustand m:

work from the rough aus dem Groben arbeiten;

in the rough im Rohzustand;

he’s a diamond in the rough US fig er hat eine raue Schale;

take sb in the rough jemanden nehmen, wie er ist

3. a) holp(e)riger Boden

b) Golf: Rough n (mit langem Gras bewachsene Fläche entlang der Spielbahn etc)

4. Rowdy m, Rabauke m

C adv

1. hart:

play rough; → cut up B 1

2. sleep rough im Freien oder unter freiem Himmel übernachten

D v/t

1. an-, aufrauen

2. oft rough up jemanden misshandeln, übel zurichten

3. meist rough out Material roh oder grob bearbeiten, vorbearbeiten, METALL vorwalzen, eine Linse, einen Edelstein grob schleifen

4. ein Pferd zureiten

5. einen Pferdehuf mit Stollen versehen

6. rough in ( oder out) einen Plan etc entwerfen, skizzieren

7. rough up Haare, Gefieder gegen den Strich streichen:

rough sb up the wrong way fig jemanden reizen oder verstimmen

8. SPORT einen Gegner hart nehmen

9. rough it umg primitiv oder anspruchslos leben, ein spartanisches Leben führen

E v/i

1. rau werden

2. SPORT (übertrieben) hart spielen

* * *
1.
[rʌf]adjective

1) (coarse, uneven) rau; holp[e]rig [Straße usw.]; uneben [Gelände]; aufgewühlt [Wasser]; unruhig [Überfahrt]

2) (violent) rau, roh [Person, Worte, Behandlung, Benehmen]; rau [Gegend]

3) (harsh to the senses) rau; kratzig [Geschmack, Getränk]

rough cider — saurer Apfelwein

4) (trying) hart

this is rough on him — das ist hart für ihn

have a rough time — es schwer haben

give somebody a rough time — es jemandem schwer machen

5) (fig.): (lacking finish, polish) derb; rau [Empfang]; unbeholfen [Stil]; ungeschliffen [Benehmen, Sprache]

he has a few rough edges — (fig.) er ist ein wenig ungeschliffen

6) (rudimentary) primitiv [Unterkunft, Leben]; (approximate) grob [Skizze, Schätzung, Einteilung, Übersetzung]; vag[e] [Vorstellung]

rough notes — stichwortartige Notizen

rough draft — Rohentwurf, der

rough paper/notebook — Konzeptpapier, das/Kladde, die

7) (coll.): (ill) angeschlagen (ugs.)
2. noun
1) (Golf) Rough, das

2)

take the rough with the smooth — die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen

3) (unfinished state)

[be] in rough — [sich] im Rohzustand [befinden]
3. adverb
rau [spielen]; scharf [reiten]

sleep rough — im Freien schlafen
4. transitive verb
rough it — primitiv leben

Phrasal Verbs:

- rough out

- rough up

* * *

adj.

derb adj.

grob adj.

rabiat adj.

rau adj.

rauh (alt.Rechtschreibung) adj.

roh adj.

spröde (Haut) adj.

English-german dictionary > rough
14 cru

I.

cru¹, e¹ [kʀy]

adjective

   a. ( = non cuit) raw

   b. [lumière, couleur] harsh

   c. ( = franc) [mot, description, réponse] blunt

   d. ( = choquant) [histoire, chanson, langage] crude

   e. (à cheval) monter à cru to ride bareback

II.

cru² [kʀy]

masculine noun

   a. ( = vignoble) vineyard

• un vin d'un bon cru a good vintage

• du cru local

   b. ( = vin) wine

• un grand cru a great wine

III.

cru³ [kʀy]

past participle of croire

* * *

1.

crue kʀy adjectif

1) Culinaire gén raw; [pâte à tarte] uncooked; [lait] unpasteurized

se faire manger or dévorer tout cru — (colloq) fig to be eaten alive (colloq)

2) ( intense) [lumière, couleur] harsh

3) ( direct) [description, réalisme, réponse, termes] blunt; [détail] raw; [représentation] graphic; [vérité] harsh

4) ( osé) [langage] crude

2.

adverbe

1) ( sans ménagement) [parler] bluntly

2) ( en équitation)

monter à cru — to ride bareback

3.

nom masculin ( vignoble) vineyard; ( vin) vintage; ( année) vintage year

de grand or du meilleur cru — fig [disque, collection] vintage (épith)

du cru — local

de son (propre) cru — [recette] of one's own invention; [expression] of one's coinage

* * *
kʀy cru, -e
1. pp

See:

croire

2. adj

1) (= non cuit) raw

de la viande crue — raw meat

du jambon cru — cured ham

2) (lumière, couleur) harsh

3) (paroles, langage) crude

4) (description) blunt

la vérité crue — the blunt truth

3. nm

1) (= vin d'une région traditionnellement viticole) wine (from a specific region)

les crus du Beaujolais — Beaujolais wines

un grand cru — a grand cru

2) (= vin d'une année particulière) (= millésime) vintage

un cru exceptionnel — an exceptional vintage

3) [café, cacao] variety

4) (= vignoble) vineyard

5)

du cru — local

les gens du cru — the locals

de son propre cru; de son cru — of one's own devising

6)

à cru (sans selle) — bareback

monter à cru — to ride bareback

4. nf

See:

crue

* * *

cru, crue

A adj

1 Culin [viande, poisson, légume] raw; [pâte à tarte] uncooked; [lait] unpasteurized; du fromage au lait cru cheese made with unpasteurized milk; se faire manger or dévorer tout cru○ fig to get eaten alive○;

2 ( intense) [lumière, éclairage] stark, harsh; [couleur] garish péj, harsh;

3 ( direct) [description, réalisme, réponse] blunt; [détail] raw; [représentation] graphic; [vérité] harsh; en termes un peu crus in rather blunt terms; répondre de façon crue to answer bluntly; il dit les choses toutes crues○ he says things straight out○;

4 ( osé) [langage, plaisanterie] crude;

5 Tech [métal] crude; [soie, chanvre] raw; [brique, terre] unbaked.

B adv ( sans ménagement) [parler] bluntly; elle le lui a annoncé tout cru! she told him/her straight○!; monter à cru Équit to ride bareback.

C nm

1 Vin ( vignoble) vineyard; ( vin) un cru a vintage, a growth spéc; un nouveau/grand cru a new/great vintage;

2 ( année) vintage year; le cru 1987 the 1987 vintage; de grand or du meilleur cru [disque, collection] vintage ( épith); du cru [vin, spécialités, auteur] local; les gens du cru the locals; de son (propre) cru [procédé, recette] of one's own invention; [terme, expression] of one's coinage;

3 Culin le cru raw food.

D crue nf ( montée des eaux) rise in water level; ( inondation) flood; il a été emporté par les crues he was swept away by the flood waters; en temps de crue in times of flood; en crue in spate; les crues ont inondé la plaine the plain is flooded ou under water.

I

( féminin crue) [kry] adjectif

1. [non cuit - denrée] raw, uncooked ; [ - céramique] unfired

[non pasteurisé]

beurre/lait cru unpasteurized butter/milk

2. [sans préparation - soie] raw ; [ - minerai] crude ; [ - bois] untreated

3. [aveuglant - couleur] crude, harsh, glaring ; [ - éclairage] harsh, blinding, glaring

4. [net] blunt, uncompromising

c'est la vérité toute crue it's the pure, unadorned truth

5. [osé] coarse, crude

————————

nom masculin

CUISINE

le cru et le cuit the raw and the cooked

————————

adverbe

1. [sans cuire]

manger quelque chose cru to eat something raw

avaler ou manger quelqu'un tout cru to make mincemeat out of ou to wipe the floor with somebody

2. [brutalement]

parler cru to speak bluntly

je vous le dis tout cru I'm telling you it as it is

————————

à cru locution adverbiale

ÉQUITATION bareback

II

( féminin crue) [kry] participe passé

→ link=croire croire

III

[kry] nom masculin

œNOLOGIE [terroir] vineyard

[vin] vintage, wine

les grands crus de Bourgogne the great wines of Burgundy

————————

de mon cru locution adjectivale,

de son cru etc. locution adjectivale

une histoire de son cru a story of his own invention

————————

du cru locution adjectivale

un vin du cru a local wine

les gens du cru the locals

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > cru
15 realidad

f.

1 reality (mundo real).

realidad virtual virtual reality

2 truth.

en realidad actually, in fact

hacerse realidad to come true

* * *

realidad

► nombre femenino

1 reality

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

en realidad actually, in fact

la realidad es que... the fact of the matter is that...

* * *

noun f.

reality, fact

* * *

SF reality

la realidad de la política — the realities of politics

la realidad siempre supera a la ficción — truth is stranger than fiction

atengámonos a la realidad — let's stick to the facts

la dura realidad — the harsh reality

en realidad — in fact, actually

la realidad es que... — the fact (of the matter) is that...

realidad virtual — virtual reality

* * *

femenino reality

ésa es la dura realidad — those are the harsh facts

la realidad paraguaya — the reality of life o of the situation in Paraguay

hacer frente a la realidad — to face up to reality

en realidad — in reality, actually

* * *

= reality, actuality.

Ex. However, the reality is that these processes are often associated with the creation of input to a computer system.

Ex. By comparing this informal communication network with the formal organization chart one can see how close the fit between actuality and theory is.

----

* afrontar la realidad = face + reality, confront + reality.

* alejarse de la realidad = stray from + reality.

* apartarse de la realidad = stray from + reality.

* basado en la realidad = reality-based.

* convertirse en realidad = become + a reality.

* cruda realidad = stark reality.

* desde el punto de vista de la realidad = factually.

* deseo + hacerse realidad = wish + come true.

* despertar a la realidad = wake up to + reality, wake up to + the realities.

* dura realidad = fact of life, harsh reality.

* en contacto con la realidad = in touch with + reality.

* enfrentarse a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + reality.

* enfrentarse a la realidad (de que) = face + (up to) the fact that, face + the truth (that).

* en la realidad = in reality, in actual practice, in reality.

* en realidad = actually, as a matter of fact, in fact, in truth, to all intents and purposes, in point of fact, in actuality, in a very real sense, in actual practice, in actual fact, for all intents and purposes, for that matter, if the truth be known, if the truth be told, in all truth, in all reality.

* escapar de la realidad = escape + reality.

* escape de la realidad = escape from reality.

* evadir la realidad = escape + reality.

* evadirse de la realidad = escape + reality.

* evasión de la realidad = escape from reality.

* hacer Algo realidad = make + Nombre + come true.

* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.

* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).

* hacer que algo sea una realidad = realise + opportunity.

* hacer realidad = fulfil [fulfill, -USA], realise [realize, -USA], make + good.

* hacer realidad Algo = make + Nombre + a reality.

* hacer realidad las posibilidades de Algo = unleash + Posesivo + potential.

* hacer realidad una aspiración = make + vision + a reality, realise + vision, fulfil + vision.

* hacer realidad una idea = follow through on/with + Posesivo + idea.

* hacer realidad un deseo = fulfil + Posesivo + wish.

* hacer realidad un sueño = realise + dream, fulfil + dream, make + vision + a reality, realise + vision, fulfil + vision, make + Posesivo + dream come true.

* hacerse realidad = materialise [materialize, -USA], come to + full flower, become + a reality, happen, come + true.

* huida de la realidad = escape from reality.

* huir de la realidad = escape + reality.

* la realidad es que = the fact remains that..., fact is, the fact is (that).

* la triste realidad es que = the sad fact is (that).

* nada + estar + más apartado de la realidad = nothing + can + be further from the truth.

* nada + estar + más lejos de la realidad = nothing + can + be further from the truth.

* nada puede estar más alejado de la realidad = nothing can be further from the truth.

* nada puede estar más apartado de la realidad = nothing can be further from the truth.

* parecido a la realidad = lifelike [life-like].

* perder contacto con la realidad = lose + touch with reality.

* pérdida de contacto con la realidad = loss of touch with reality.

* plasmar una idea en la realidad = translate + idea into + reality.

* profecía que se hace realidad = self-fulfilling prophecy.

* propuesta + hacerse realidad = proposal + materialise.

* pura realidad = stark reality.

* realidad virtual = virtual reality.

* realidad virtual en pantalla grande = big-screen reality.

* separar la realidad de la ficción = distinguish + fact from fiction.

* ser una realidad = be a fact of life, be a reality.

* similar a la realidad = lifelike [life-like].

* sórdida realidad = shabby reality.

* sueño + hacerse realidad = dream + come true.

* triste realidad = fact of life.

* triste realidad, la = sad truth, the.

* un sueño hecho realidad = a dream come true.

* * *

femenino reality

ésa es la dura realidad — those are the harsh facts

la realidad paraguaya — the reality of life o of the situation in Paraguay

hacer frente a la realidad — to face up to reality

en realidad — in reality, actually

* * *

= reality, actuality.

Ex: However, the reality is that these processes are often associated with the creation of input to a computer system.

Ex: By comparing this informal communication network with the formal organization chart one can see how close the fit between actuality and theory is.

* afrontar la realidad = face + reality, confront + reality.

* alejarse de la realidad = stray from + reality.

* apartarse de la realidad = stray from + reality.

* basado en la realidad = reality-based.

* convertirse en realidad = become + a reality.

* cruda realidad = stark reality.

* desde el punto de vista de la realidad = factually.

* deseo + hacerse realidad = wish + come true.

* despertar a la realidad = wake up to + reality, wake up to + the realities.

* dura realidad = fact of life, harsh reality.

* en contacto con la realidad = in touch with + reality.

* enfrentarse a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + reality.

* enfrentarse a la realidad (de que) = face + (up to) the fact that, face + the truth (that).

* en la realidad = in reality, in actual practice, in reality.

* en realidad = actually, as a matter of fact, in fact, in truth, to all intents and purposes, in point of fact, in actuality, in a very real sense, in actual practice, in actual fact, for all intents and purposes, for that matter, if the truth be known, if the truth be told, in all truth, in all reality.

* escapar de la realidad = escape + reality.

* escape de la realidad = escape from reality.

* evadir la realidad = escape + reality.

* evadirse de la realidad = escape + reality.

* evasión de la realidad = escape from reality.

* hacer Algo realidad = make + Nombre + come true.

* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.

* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).

* hacer que algo sea una realidad = realise + opportunity.

* hacer realidad = fulfil [fulfill, -USA], realise [realize, -USA], make + good.

* hacer realidad Algo = make + Nombre + a reality.

* hacer realidad las posibilidades de Algo = unleash + Posesivo + potential.

* hacer realidad una aspiración = make + vision + a reality, realise + vision, fulfil + vision.

* hacer realidad una idea = follow through on/with + Posesivo + idea.

* hacer realidad un deseo = fulfil + Posesivo + wish.

* hacer realidad un sueño = realise + dream, fulfil + dream, make + vision + a reality, realise + vision, fulfil + vision, make + Posesivo + dream come true.

* hacerse realidad = materialise [materialize, -USA], come to + full flower, become + a reality, happen, come + true.

* huida de la realidad = escape from reality.

* huir de la realidad = escape + reality.

* la realidad es que = the fact remains that..., fact is, the fact is (that).

* la triste realidad es que = the sad fact is (that).

* nada + estar + más apartado de la realidad = nothing + can + be further from the truth.

* nada + estar + más lejos de la realidad = nothing + can + be further from the truth.

* nada puede estar más alejado de la realidad = nothing can be further from the truth.

* nada puede estar más apartado de la realidad = nothing can be further from the truth.

* parecido a la realidad = lifelike [life-like].

* perder contacto con la realidad = lose + touch with reality.

* pérdida de contacto con la realidad = loss of touch with reality.

* plasmar una idea en la realidad = translate + idea into + reality.

* profecía que se hace realidad = self-fulfilling prophecy.

* propuesta + hacerse realidad = proposal + materialise.

* pura realidad = stark reality.

* realidad virtual = virtual reality.

* realidad virtual en pantalla grande = big-screen reality.

* separar la realidad de la ficción = distinguish + fact from fiction.

* ser una realidad = be a fact of life, be a reality.

* similar a la realidad = lifelike [life-like].

* sórdida realidad = shabby reality.

* sueño + hacerse realidad = dream + come true.

* triste realidad = fact of life.

* triste realidad, la = sad truth, the.

* un sueño hecho realidad = a dream come true.

* * *

realidad

feminine

reality

ésa es la dura realidad that is the harsh reality of the matter

la realidad paraguaya the reality of life o of the situation in Paraguay

tendrán que hacer frente a la realidad they will have to face up to reality

en realidad in reality, actually

* * *

realidad sustantivo femenino
reality;
◊ la realidad paraguaya the reality of life o of the situation in Paraguay;

esa es la dura realidad those are the harsh facts;
en realidad in reality, actually
realidad sustantivo femenino
1 reality
realidad virtual, virtual reality
2 (hecho cierto, circunstancia clave) fact, truth: la realidad es que tú no estabas allí, the fact is that you weren't there
♦ Locuciones: en realidad, in fact, actually

' realidad' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
coraza
- cruda
- crudo
- deformar
- desengañar
- desengañarse
- desvirtuar
- distorsionar
- realmente
- relumbrón
- aproximar
- asidero
- ciego
- desfigurar
- enfrentar
- evadir
- falsear
- frente
- hecho
- responder
- retratar
- triste
- vano
English:
actually
- come
- delicate
- dream
- effect
- fact
- materialize
- matter
- practice
- practise
- propose
- reality
- really
- stark
- take off
- true
- virtual
- wake up
- wish
- achieve
- actual
- for
- fulfill
- realize
- when

* * *

realidad nf

1. [mundo real] reality

Comp
Informát realidad virtual virtual reality
2. [situación] reality;

la realidad social de hoy en día today's social reality

3. [verdad] truth;

la realidad es que me odia the fact is, she hates me;

en realidad actually, in fact;

parece tímido, cuando en realidad no lo es he seems shy, but actually he isn't;

hacerse realidad to come true;

aspira a convertir en realidad sus sueños she is hoping to make her dreams come true

* * *

realidad

f reality;

en realidad in fact, in reality

* * *

realidad nf

1) : reality

2)

en realidad : in truth, actually

* * *

realidad n reality

en realidad actually

Spanish-English dictionary > realidad
16 grating

adjective ((of sounds) unpleasant.) chirriante, rechinante

grating

tr['greɪtɪŋ]

adjective

1 (irritating) crispante; (harsh) chirriante, rechinante

————————

grating

tr['greɪtɪŋ]

noun

1 rejilla, reja

grating ['greɪt̬ɪŋ] n

: reja f, rejilla f

grating

adj.

• irritante adj.

• rechinador adj.

n.

• enjaretado s.m.

• enrejado s.m.

• escurridero s.m.

• parrilla s.f.

• reja s.f.

• rejado s.m.

• rejilla s.f.

• verja s.f.

I 'greɪtɪŋ
adjective

a) ( harsh) <noise/sound> chirriante

b) ( irritating) crispante

II

noun rejilla f

I

['ɡreɪtɪŋ]
N (in wall, pavement) reja f, enrejado m
II

['ɡreɪtɪŋ]
ADJ [tone etc] áspero
* * *

I ['greɪtɪŋ]
adjective

a) ( harsh) <noise/sound> chirriante

b) ( irritating) crispante

II

noun rejilla f

English-spanish dictionary > grating
17 sharp

sharp adj

1. afilado

sharp scissors unas tijeras afiladas

2. puntiagudo

a sharp pencil un lápiz puntiagudo

3. cerrado

a sharp bend una curva cerrada

4. agudo

a sharp pain un dolor agudo

5. repentino / brusco

a sharp increase in prices un aumento brusco de los precios

sharp

tr[ʃɑːp]

adjective

1 (knife etc) afilado,-a; (needle, pencil) puntiagudo,-a; (features) anguloso,-a

2 (angle) agudo,-a; (bend) cerrado,-a; (slope) empinado,-a; (turn, rise, fall) brusco,-a

3 (outline) definido,-a; (photograph etc) nítido,-a; (contrast) marcado,-a

4 (mind, wit) perspicaz; (eyes, ears) agudo,-a, bueno,-a; (reflexes) rápido,-a

■ keep a sharp eye on those two ten bien vigilados a esos dos

5 (person - clever) listo,-a, vivo,-a; (- quick-witted) avispado,-a, despabilado,-a, despierto,-a

■ it was very sharp of you to spot that fuiste muy listo al darte cuenta

6 (pain) agudo,-a, fuerte; (cry, noise) agudo,-a, estridente; (frost) fuerte; (wind) cortante, penetrante

7 (taste) ácido,-a; (smell) acre

8 (change etc) brusco,-a, repentino,-a, súbito,-a

9 (blow) seco,-a

10 (criticism) mordaz; (rebuke) severo,-a; (retort) cortante; (temper) arisco,-a, violento,-a; (tone) seco,-a

11 (unscrupulous) astuto,-a, mañoso,-a

12 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (key) sostenido,-a; (too high) desafinado,-a

■ F sharp fa sostenido

adverb

1 (exactly) en punto

■ at ten o'clock sharp a las diez en punto

2 (abruptly) bruscamente

■ the car stopped sharp el coche se paró bruscamente

■ turn sharp left gira a la izquierda

3 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (too high) demasiado alto,-a

noun

1 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL sostenido

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

look sharp! ¡date prisa!, ¡espabílate!

to be as sharp as a needle ser un lince

to be a sharp dresser tener mucho estilo para vestirse

to have a sharp tongue tener una lengua mordaz

sharp practice mañas nombre femenino plural, tejemanejes nombre masculino plural

sharp ['ʃɑrp] adv

: en punto

at two o'clock sharp: a las dos en punto

sharp adj

1) : afilado, filoso

a sharp knife: un cuchillo afilado

2) penetrating: cortante, fuerte

3) clever: agudo, listo, perspicaz

4) acute: agudo

sharp eyesight: vista aguda

5) harsh, severe: duro, severo, agudo

a sharp rebuke: una reprimenda mordaz

6) strong: fuerte

sharp cheese: queso fuerte

7) abrupt: brusco, repentino

8) distinct: nítido, definido

a sharp image: una imagen bien definida

9) angular: anguloso (dícese de la cara)

10) : sostenido (en música)

sharp n

: sostenido m (en música)

sharp (Music)

n.

• diesi n.f. (Wine)

adj.

• picante (Vino) adj.

adj.

• afilado, -a adj.

• agudo, -a adj.

• anguloso, -a adj.

• apuntado, -a adj.

• atiplado, -a adj.

• brusco, -a adj.

• clavado, -a adj.

• fino, -a adj.

• nítido, -a adj.

• penetrante adj.

• puntiagudo, -a adj.

• punzante adj.

• rascón, -ona adj.

• raspante adj.

• sostenido, -a adj.

• tajante adj.

• áspero, -a adj.

adv.

• en punto adv.

n.

• clarinada s.f.

• experto s.m.

• perito s.m.

I ʃɑːrp, ʃɑːp
adjective -er, -est

1)

a) <knife/edge/scissors> afilado, filoso (AmL), filudo (Chi, Per); < features> anguloso, muy marcado

it has a sharp point — es muy puntiagudo

have you got a sharper pencil? — ¿tienes un lápiz con más punta?

b) < pain> agudo, fuerte

c) < wind> cortante; < frost> crudo, fuerte

d) <noise/cry> agudo; < crack> seco

e) < taste> ácido

2)

a) (abrupt, steep) <bend/angle> cerrado; < turn> brusco; <rise/fall/descent> brusco

b) ( sudden) repentino, súbito

3)

a) ( keen) < eyesight> agudo, bueno; < hearing> fino, agudo, bueno

keep a sharp lookout — mantén los ojos bien abiertos

keep a sharp eye on those two over there — no les quites el ojo de encima a esos dos de ahí

b) ( acute) <wit/mind> agudo

4) (clear, unblurred) <photo/TV picture> nítido; < outline> definido; < impression> claro; < contrast> marcado

5) (harsh, severe) <rebuke/criticism> duro, severo; < retort> cortante, áspero

to have a sharp tongue — ser* muy mordaz, tener* una lengua muy afilada

6)

a) (clever, shrewd) < person> listo, astuto, vivo (fam); < move> astuto

b) ( elegant) (colloq)

he's a sharp dresser — tiene mucho estilo para vestirse

7) ( Mus)

a) ( referring to key) sostenido

b) ( too high)

you're sharp — estás desafinando ( por cantar o tocar demasiado alto)

II

adverb

1) ( exactly)

at six o'clock sharp — a las seis en punto

2) ( abruptly)

turn sharp right — gire a la derecha en curva cerrada

to pull up sharp — pararse en seco

look sharp — (BrE colloq) acelera! (fam), date prisa!, apúrate! (AmL)

3) ( Mus)

to sing/play sharp — cantar/tocar* demasiado alto

III

noun ( Mus) sostenido m

[ʃɑːp]
1. ADJ
(compar sharper) (superl sharpest)
1) (=not blunt) [edge] afilado; [needle] puntiagudo

to have a sharp point — ser muy puntiagudo

the stick ended in a sharp point — el palo acababa en una punta afilada

- be at the sharp end

they are living at the sharp end of the recession — son los que se llevan la peor parte de la recesión, son los más afectados por la recesión

2) (=abrupt, acute) [bend, angle] cerrado; [rise, drop, turn by car] brusco

he made a sharp turn to the left — giró bruscamente a la izquierda

3) (of person) (=alert) avispado, perspicaz; (=unscrupulous) listo, vivo; [mind] agudo, perspicaz

you'll have to be sharper than that — tendrás que espabilarte

he's as sharp as they come — es de lo más listo or vivo

his sharp eyes spotted a free seat — sus ojos de lince vieron un asiento libre

I have to keep a sharp eye on him — con él tengo que estar ojo avizor

sharp practice — artimañas fpl

- be as sharp as a needle

4) (=brusque) [retort] seco, cortante; [rebuke, tone] áspero, severo; [tongue] afilada, mordaz

to have a sharp tongue — tener la lengua afilada, tener una lengua viperina

to be sharp with sb — ser seco or cortante con algn

5) (=strong) [taste] ácido; [smell, cheese] fuerte

6) (=clear, well-defined) [outline, image] nítido; [contrast] claro, marcado; [sound] claro; [features] marcado, anguloso

these issues have been brought into sharp focus by the economic crisis — la crisis económica ha situado estos temas en primer plano

7) (=intense) [pain] agudo; [cold, wind] cortante; [frost] fuerte

a sharp blow to the head — un fuerte golpe en la cabeza

with a sharp cry she jumped back — soltando un grito agudo retrocedió de un salto

8) * (=stylish) [suit] elegante

he was a sharp dresser — vestía con mucha elegancia

9) (Mus) (=raised a semitone) sostenido; (=too high) demasiado alto

C sharp — do m sostenido

2. ADV

1) (=quickly, abruptly)

and be or look sharp about it! — ¡y date prisa!

look sharp! — ¡rápido!, ¡apúrate! (LAm)

to pull up sharp — parar en seco

you turn sharp left at the lights — al llegar al semáforo se tuerce muy cerrado a la izquierda

2) (=precisely) en punto

at five o'clock sharp — a las cinco en punto

3) (Mus) demasiado alto

she was singing/playing sharp — cantaba/tocaba demasiado alto

3. N

1) (Mus) sostenido m

2) (=con artist) estafador(a) m / f ; (=card-sharp) fullero(-a) m / f, tramposo(-a) m / f

* * *

I [ʃɑːrp, ʃɑːp]
adjective -er, -est

1)

a) <knife/edge/scissors> afilado, filoso (AmL), filudo (Chi, Per); < features> anguloso, muy marcado

it has a sharp point — es muy puntiagudo

have you got a sharper pencil? — ¿tienes un lápiz con más punta?

b) < pain> agudo, fuerte

c) < wind> cortante; < frost> crudo, fuerte

d) <noise/cry> agudo; < crack> seco

e) < taste> ácido

2)

a) (abrupt, steep) <bend/angle> cerrado; < turn> brusco; <rise/fall/descent> brusco

b) ( sudden) repentino, súbito

3)

a) ( keen) < eyesight> agudo, bueno; < hearing> fino, agudo, bueno

keep a sharp lookout — mantén los ojos bien abiertos

keep a sharp eye on those two over there — no les quites el ojo de encima a esos dos de ahí

b) ( acute) <wit/mind> agudo

4) (clear, unblurred) <photo/TV picture> nítido; < outline> definido; < impression> claro; < contrast> marcado

5) (harsh, severe) <rebuke/criticism> duro, severo; < retort> cortante, áspero

to have a sharp tongue — ser* muy mordaz, tener* una lengua muy afilada

6)

a) (clever, shrewd) < person> listo, astuto, vivo (fam); < move> astuto

b) ( elegant) (colloq)

he's a sharp dresser — tiene mucho estilo para vestirse

7) ( Mus)

a) ( referring to key) sostenido

b) ( too high)

you're sharp — estás desafinando ( por cantar o tocar demasiado alto)

II

adverb

1) ( exactly)

at six o'clock sharp — a las seis en punto

2) ( abruptly)

turn sharp right — gire a la derecha en curva cerrada

to pull up sharp — pararse en seco

look sharp — (BrE colloq) acelera! (fam), date prisa!, apúrate! (AmL)

3) ( Mus)

to sing/play sharp — cantar/tocar* demasiado alto

III

noun ( Mus) sostenido m

English-spanish dictionary > sharp
18 chungu

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] bitter

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

[Swahili Example] maneno machungu

[English Example] bitter words

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] acrid

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] sour

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] sharp

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] unpleasant

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] angry

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] harsh

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

[Swahili Example] maneno machungu

[English Example] harsh words

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] painful

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Related Words] uchungu

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[English Word] pungent

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Swahili Example] mkutanoni walikuwapo watu chungu nzima

[English Example] there were a lot of people at the meeting

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] vyungu

[English Word] cooking pot (usually round and shallow)

[English Plural] cooking pots

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Related Words] jungu, mkungu

[Swahili Example] kufinyanga vyungu

[English Example] to make pottery

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] vyungu

[English Word] clay vessel

[English Plural] clay vessels

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 7/8

[Related Words] jungu, mkungu

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] -funika chungu

[English Word] put a lid on a pot

[Part of Speech] verb

[Related Words] -funika

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[Swahili Word] -tegua chungu

[English Word] take a pot off the fire

[Part of Speech] verb

[Related Words] -tegua

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] heap

[English Plural] heaps

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] pile

[English Plural] piles

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] quantity

[English Plural] quantities

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] mass

[English Plural] masses

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] crowd

[English Plural] crowds

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

[Swahili Example] niliwakuta watu kichungu

[English Example] I met a tremendous crowd of people

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[Swahili Word] chungu nzima

[English Word] a lot (of)

[Part of Speech] adjective

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[Swahili Word] chungu nzima

[English Word] a great deal

[Part of Speech] adjective

[Swahili Example] mkutanoni walikuwapo watu chungu nzima

[English Example] there were a great deal of people at the meeting

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] ant (small black stinging kind)

[English Plural] ants

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10an

[Swahili Example] maji ya kifufu ni bahari ya chungu (methali)

[English Example] water in a coconut shell is like an ocean to an ant (proverb)

[Terminology] entomology

------------------------------------------------------------

[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] pimple

[English Plural] pimples

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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[Swahili Word] chungu

[Swahili Plural] chungu

[English Word] zit

[English Plural] zits

[Part of Speech] noun

[Class] 9/10

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Swahili-english dictionary > chungu
19 ring

I
1. riŋ noun
1) (a small circle eg of gold or silver, sometimes having a jewel set in it, worn on the finger: a wedding ring; She wears a diamond ring.) anillo

2) (a circle of metal, wood etc for any of various purposes: a scarf-ring; a key-ring; The trap-door had a ring attached for lifting it.) aro; argolla

3) (anything which is like a circle in shape: The children formed a ring round their teacher; The hot teapot left a ring on the polished table.) círculo

4) (an enclosed space for boxing matches, circus performances etc: the circus-ring; The crowd cheered as the boxer entered the ring.) ring, cuadrilátero

5) (a small group of people formed for business or criminal purposes: a drugs ring.) red, círculo

2. verb
(verb)

1) (to form a ring round.) rodear

2) (to put, draw etc a ring round (something): He has ringed all your errors.) rodear

3) (to put a ring on the leg of (a bird) as a means of identifying it.) anillar

•

- ring binder
- ringlet
- ring finger
- ringleader
- ringmaster
- run rings round
II
1. riŋ past tense - rang; verb
1) (to (cause to) sound: The doorbell rang; He rang the doorbell; The telephone rang.) sonar

2) ((often with up) to telephone (someone): I'll ring you (up) tonight.) llamar (por teléfono)

3) ((often with for) to ring a bell (eg in a hotel) to tell someone to come, to bring something etc: She rang for the maid.) tocar

4) ((of certain objects) to make a high sound like a bell: The glass rang as she hit it with a metal spoon.) tintinear

5) (to be filled with sound: The hall rang with the sound of laughter.) resonar

6) ((often with out) to make a loud, clear sound: His voice rang through the house; A shot rang out.) resonar

2. noun
1) (the act or sound of ringing: the ring of a telephone.) llamada

2) (a telephone call: I'll give you a ring.) llamada (de teléfono)

3) (a suggestion, impression or feeling: His story has a ring of truth about it.) matiz

•

- ring a bell
- ring back
- ring off
- ring true

ring¹ n

1. anillo

she wore a gold ring on her finger llevaba un anillo de oro en el dedo

a wedding ring una alianza

2. círculo

we sat in a ring round the fire nos sentamos en círculo alrededor del fuego

to give someone a ring llamar a alguien

give me a ring tomorrow llámame mañana

ring² vb

1. sonar

the telephone was ringing sonaba el teléfono

2. tocar

she rang the bell but there was no answer tocó el timbre pero no contestaron

3. llamar

I'll ring you tomorrow te llamaré mañana

El pasado de ring es rang y el participio pasado es rung

ring /rrin/ sustantivo masculino (pl
◊ rings) (Dep) ring
' ring' also found in these entries: Spanish: acaso - alianza - anilla - anillo - anular - argolla - campanada - cerco - chapada - chapado - compromiso - corro - cuadrilátera - cuadrilátero - dedo - desarticular - engarzar - flotador - fogón - hornillo - llamar - ojera - pulsar - red - repiquetear - ronda - rosca - rosco - rosquilla - rubí - rueda - servilletero - sonar - sortija - telefonazo - telefonear - timbrazo - timbre - tocar - amarradero - archivador - aro - aureola - brillante - campana - carpeta - carretera - caso - clasificador - diamante English: about - authenticity - bell - better - boxing ring - brass - do - engagement ring - for - hand down - inlaid - pay - rang - ring - ring back - ring binder - ring finger - ring off - ring out - ring up - rung - so - soon - sure - wedding ring - back - boxing - break - bull - crack - ear - engagement - finger - gas - gold - have - key - life - rubber - smash - spy - star - washer - wedding

ring

tr[rɪŋ]

noun

1 (for finger) anillo, sortija

2 (hoop) anilla, aro

3 (circle) círculo; (of people) corro; (of criminals) red nombre femenino

4 (of circus) pista, arena

5 (for boxing) ring nombre masculino, cuadrilátero; (for bullfighting) ruedo

transitive verb

1 (put a ring on) anillar

2 (draw a ring round) marcar con un círculo

3 (encircle) rodear

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

ring road cinturón nombre masculino de ronda

————————

ring

tr[rɪŋ]

noun

1 (of bell) tañido, toque nombre masculino; (of doorbell) llamada

2 (phonecall) llamada

intransitive verb (pt rang tr[ræŋ], pp rung tr[rʌŋ])

1 (bell) sonar

2 (ears) zumbar

transitive verb

1 (call) llamar

2 (bell) tocar

ring ['rɪŋ] v, rang ['ræŋ] ; rung ['rʌŋ] ; ringing vi

1) : sonar

the doorbell rang: el timbre sonó

to ring for: llamar

2) resound: resonar

3) seem: parecer

to ring true: parecer cierto

ring vt

1) : tocar, hacer sonar (un timbre, una alarma, etc.)

2) surround: cercar, rodear

ring n

1) : anillo m, sortija f

wedding ring: anillo de matrimonio

2) band: aro m, anillo m

piston ring: aro de émbolo

3) circle: círculo m

4) arena: arena f, ruedo m

a boxing ring: un cuadrilátero, un ring

5) gang: banda f (de ladrones, etc.)

6) sound: timbre m, sonido m

7) call: llamada f (por teléfono)

ring (Boxing)

n.

• ring (Boxeo) (•Deporte•) s.m.

n.

• anilla s.f.

• anillo s.m.

• argolla s.f.

• aro s.m.

• campanilleo s.m.

• cerco s.m.

• ceño s.m.

• corro s.m.

• círculo s.m.

• redondo s.m.

• sortija s.f.

• tañido s.m.

• toque s.m.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: ringed) (•§ p.,p.p.: rang, rung•) = ensortijar v.

• llamar (Teléfono) v.

• repicar v.

• retiñir v.

• sonar v.

• telefonear a v.

• tocar v.

• zumbar v.

rɪŋ
I

noun

1) c

a) ( on finger) anillo m; ( woman's) anillo m, sortija f; (before n)

ring finger — (dedo m) anular m

b) ( circular object)

the bull had a ring through its nose — el toro tenía un aro en la nariz or una nariguera

curtain ring — argolla f, anilla f

napkin ring — servilletero m

c) ( circular shape) círculo m

to stand in a ring — hacer* un corro, formar un círculo

the rings of Saturn — los anillos de Saturno

she put a ring around the advertisement — marcó con un círculo el anuncio

to have rings around one's eyes — tener* ojeras

to run rings around something/somebody — darle* mil vueltas a algo/algn

d) ( burner) (BrE) quemador m, hornilla f (AmL exc CS), hornillo m (Esp), hornalla f (RPl), plato m (Chi)

2) c

a) (in boxing, wrestling) cuadrilátero m, ring m

b) ( in circus) pista f

c) ( bull ring) ruedo m

3) c ( of criminals) red f, banda f

4)

a) c ( sound of bell)

there was a ring at the door — sonó el timbre de la puerta

someone answered the phone after a couple of rings — alguien contestó el teléfono después de un par de timbrazos

b) u (sound, resonance)

his voice has a harsh ring — su voz tiene un timbre áspero

a name with a familiar ring to it — un nombre muy conocido or que suena mucho

a story with a ring of truth — una historia verosímil

c) ( telephone call) (BrE) (no pl)

to give somebody a ring — llamar (por teléfono) a algn, telefonear a algn, hablarle a algn (Méx)

II
1.

(past rang; past p rung) intransitive verb

1)

a) ( make sound) \<\<church bell\>\> sonar*, repicar*, tañer* (liter); \<\<doorbell/telephone/alarm/alarm clock\>\> sonar*

b) ( operate bell) \<\<person\>\> tocar* el timbre, llamar al timbre

to ring FOR somebody/something: you have to ring for service tiene que llamar al timbre para que lo atiendan; she rang for the butler — hizo sonar el timbre/la campanilla para llamar al mayordomo

2) ( telephone) (BrE) llamar (por teléfono), telefonear, hablar (Méx)

to ring FOR somebody/something: she rang for a cab/doctor — llamó un taxi/al médico

3)

a) ( resound) resonar*

the house rang with children's laughter — la casa resonaba con risas infantiles

to ring true — ser* or sonar* convincente

her laughter rang hollow — su risa sonaba forzada

b) \<\<ears\>\> zumbar

2.

vt

1)

a) \<\<bell\>\> tocar*

b) ( telephone) \<\<person\>\> (BrE) llamar (por teléfono), telefonear, hablar(le) a (Méx)

2) (past & past p ringed)

a) ( surround) cercar*, rodear

b) (with pen, pencil) marcar* con un círculo, encerrar* en un círculo

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- ring back

- ring in

- ring off

- ring out

- ring up

I [rɪŋ]
1. N

1) (on finger) (plain) anillo m; (jewelled) anillo m, sortija f; (in nose) arete m, aro m; (on bird's leg, for curtain) anilla f; (for napkin) servilletero m; (on stove) quemador m, hornillo m; (for swimmer) flotador m
rings (Gymnastics) anillas fpl
electric ring — quemador m eléctrico, hornillo m eléctrico

gas ring — fuego m de gas

onion rings — aros mpl de cebolla rebozados

pineapple rings — rodajas fpl de piña
diamond, engagement, key, nose, piston, signet, wedding
2) (=circle) [of people] círculo m; (in game, dance) corro m; [of objects] anillo m; (in water) onda f; (around planet, on tree, of smoke) anillo m; (around bathtub) cerco m

to stand/sit in a ring — ponerse/sentarse en círculo

a ring of hills — un anillo de colinas

he always leaves a dirty ring round the bath — siempre deja un cerco de suciedad en la bañera

to have rings round one's eyes — tener ojeras

the rings of Saturn — los anillos de Saturno

- run rings round sb
smoke
3) (=group) [of criminals, drug dealers] banda f, red f; [of spies] red f; (Comm) cartel m, cártel m; drug, spy, vice I, 1.

4) (=arena) (Boxing) cuadrilátero m, ring m; (at circus) pista f; (=bullring) ruedo m, plaza f; (at horse race) cercado m, recinto m; (in livestock market) corral m (de exposiciones)

the ring — (fig) el boxeo

- throw or toss one's hat or cap into the ring
show
2. VT

1) (=surround) rodear, cercar

the building was ringed by police — la policía rodeaba or cercaba el edificio

the town is ringed by hills — la ciudad está rodeada de colinas

2) [+ bird] anillar

3) (=mark with ring) poner un círculo a

3.

CPD

ring binder N — carpeta f de anillas or (LAm) anillos

ring finger N — (dedo m) anular m

ring main N — (Elec) red f de suministro or abastecimiento

ring road N — (Brit) carretera f de circunvalación, ronda f, periférico m (LAm)

ring spanner N — llave f dentada

II [rɪŋ] (vb: pt rang) (pp rung)
1. N

1) (=sound) [of bell] toque m de timbre; (louder, of alarm) timbrazo m; [of voice] timbre m; (metallic sound) sonido m metálico

there was a ring at the door — llamaron al timbre de la puerta, sonó el timbre de la puerta

he answered the telephone on the first ring — contestó el teléfono al primer pitido

the familiar ring of her voice — el timbre familiar de su voz

the ring of sledge runners on the ice — el sonido metálico de los trineos sobre el hielo

2) (Brit)
(Telec)
to give sb a ring — llamar a algn (por teléfono), dar un telefonazo or un toque a algn *

I'll give you a ring — te llamo, te doy un telefonazo or un toque *

3) (=nuance)

the name has a (certain) ring to it — el nombre tiene algo

his laugh had a hollow ring to it — su risa tenía algo de superficial, su risa sonaba (a) superficial

that has the ring of truth about it — eso suena a cierto

2. VT

1) [+ doorbell, buzzer, handbell, church bell] tocar

- that rings a bell

it doesn't ring any bells — no me suena

to ring the changes —

you could ring the changes by substituting ground almonds — podrías cambiar or variar sustituyendo la almendra molida

he decided to ring the changes after his side's third consecutive defeat — decidió cambiar de táctica tras la tercera derrota consecutiva de su equipo
alarm
2) (Brit) (Telec) [+ house, office, number] llamar a; [+ person] llamar (por teléfono) a

you must ring the hospital — tienes que llamar al hospital

3. VI

1) (=make sound) [doorbell, alarm, telephone] sonar; [church bell] sonar, repicar, tañer liter

- ring off the hook

2) (=use bell) llamar

you rang, madam? — ¿me llamó usted, señora?

to ring at the door — llamar a la puerta

to ring for sth: we'll ring for some sugar — llamaremos para pedir azúcar

to ring for sb — llamar para que venga algn

please ring for attention — rogamos toque el timbre para que le atiendan

3) (Brit) (=telephone) llamar (por teléfono)

could someone ring for a taxi? — ¿podría alguien llamar a un taxi?

4) (=echo) (gen) resonar; [ears] zumbar

the valley rang with cries — los gritos resonaron por el valle

his words were ringing in my head — sus palabras resonaban en mi cabeza

the news set the town ringing — la noticia causó furor en la ciudad

the town rang with his praises — por toda la ciudad no se oían más que alabanzas suyas

- ring true/false/hollow

his suddenly friendly tone rang false — su tono amistoso tan repentino sonaba a falso

her story just didn't ring true — la historia no parecía verdad

- ring back

- ring down

- ring in

- ring off

- ring out

- ring round

- ring up

* * *
[rɪŋ]
I

noun

1) c

a) ( on finger) anillo m; ( woman's) anillo m, sortija f; (before n)

ring finger — (dedo m) anular m

b) ( circular object)

the bull had a ring through its nose — el toro tenía un aro en la nariz or una nariguera

curtain ring — argolla f, anilla f

napkin ring — servilletero m

c) ( circular shape) círculo m

to stand in a ring — hacer* un corro, formar un círculo

the rings of Saturn — los anillos de Saturno

she put a ring around the advertisement — marcó con un círculo el anuncio

to have rings around one's eyes — tener* ojeras

to run rings around something/somebody — darle* mil vueltas a algo/algn

d) ( burner) (BrE) quemador m, hornilla f (AmL exc CS), hornillo m (Esp), hornalla f (RPl), plato m (Chi)

2) c

a) (in boxing, wrestling) cuadrilátero m, ring m

b) ( in circus) pista f

c) ( bull ring) ruedo m

3) c ( of criminals) red f, banda f

4)

a) c ( sound of bell)

there was a ring at the door — sonó el timbre de la puerta

someone answered the phone after a couple of rings — alguien contestó el teléfono después de un par de timbrazos

b) u (sound, resonance)

his voice has a harsh ring — su voz tiene un timbre áspero

a name with a familiar ring to it — un nombre muy conocido or que suena mucho

a story with a ring of truth — una historia verosímil

c) ( telephone call) (BrE) (no pl)

to give somebody a ring — llamar (por teléfono) a algn, telefonear a algn, hablarle a algn (Méx)

II
1.

(past rang; past p rung) intransitive verb

1)

a) ( make sound) \<\<church bell\>\> sonar*, repicar*, tañer* (liter); \<\<doorbell/telephone/alarm/alarm clock\>\> sonar*

b) ( operate bell) \<\<person\>\> tocar* el timbre, llamar al timbre

to ring FOR somebody/something: you have to ring for service tiene que llamar al timbre para que lo atiendan; she rang for the butler — hizo sonar el timbre/la campanilla para llamar al mayordomo

2) ( telephone) (BrE) llamar (por teléfono), telefonear, hablar (Méx)

to ring FOR somebody/something: she rang for a cab/doctor — llamó un taxi/al médico

3)

a) ( resound) resonar*

the house rang with children's laughter — la casa resonaba con risas infantiles

to ring true — ser* or sonar* convincente

her laughter rang hollow — su risa sonaba forzada

b) \<\<ears\>\> zumbar

2.

vt

1)

a) \<\<bell\>\> tocar*

b) ( telephone) \<\<person\>\> (BrE) llamar (por teléfono), telefonear, hablar(le) a (Méx)

2) (past & past p ringed)

a) ( surround) cercar*, rodear

b) (with pen, pencil) marcar* con un círculo, encerrar* en un círculo

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- ring back

- ring in

- ring off

- ring out

- ring up

English-spanish dictionary > ring
20 sharp

1. adjective
1) (with fine edge) scharf; (with fine point) spitz [Nadel, Bleistift, Giebel, Gipfel]

2) (clear-cut) scharf [Umriss, Kontrast, Bild, Gesichtszüge, Linie]; deutlich [Unterscheidung]; präzise [Eindruck]

3) (abrupt, angular) scharf [Kurve, Winkel]; steil, schroff [Abhang]; stark [Gefälle]

a sharp rise/fall in prices — ein jäher Preisanstieg/Preissturz

4) (intense) groß [Appetit, Hunger[gefühl]]; (acid, pungent) scharf [Würze, Geschmack, Sauce, Käse]; sauer [Apfel]; herb [Wein]; (shrill, piercing) schrill [Schrei, Pfiff]; (biting) scharf [Wind, Frost, Luft]; (sudden, severe) heftig [Schmerz, Anfall, Krampf, Kampf]; (harsh, acrimonious) scharf [Protest, Tadel, Ton, Stimme, Zunge, Worte]

a short sharp struggle — ein kurzer, heftiger Kampf

5) (acute, quick) scharf [Augen, Verstand, Gehör, Ohr, Beobachtungsgabe, Intelligenz, Geruchssinn]; aufgeweckt [Kind]; scharfsinnig [Bemerkung]; begabt [Schüler, Student]

that was pretty sharp! — das war ganz schön clever!

keep a sharp lookout for the police! — halt die Augen offen, falls die Polizei kommt!

6) (derog.): (artful, dishonest, quick to take advantage) gerissen

7) (Mus.) [um einen Halbton] erhöht [Note]

F/G/C etc. sharp — fis, Fis/gis, Gis/cis, Cis usw., das
2. adverb
1) (punctually)

at six o'clock sharp — Punkt sechs Uhr

2) (suddenly) scharf [bremsen]; plötzlich [anhalten]

turn sharp right — scharf nach rechts abbiegen

3)

look sharp! — halt dich ran! (ugs.)

4) (Mus.) zu hoch [singen, spielen]
3. noun
(Mus.) erhöhter Ton; (symbol) Kreuz, das; Erhöhungszeichen, das

* * *

sharp

[ʃɑ:p, AM ʃɑ:rp]

I. adj

1. (cutting) blade, knife scharf

2. (pointed) end, point spitz

\sharp features kantige Gesichtszüge

\sharp nose spitze Nase

\sharp pencil spitzer Bleistift

3. (acute)

\sharp angle spitzer Winkel

\sharp bend [or curve] scharfe Kurve

to make a \sharp right turn [or turn to the right] scharf rechts abbiegen

4. (severe) attack, rebuff, rebuke scharf

the terrorist attack was a \sharp reminder of how dangerous the world can be der terroristische Überfall erinnerte in drastischer Weise daran, wie gefährlich die Welt sein kann

\sharp blow heftiger [o starker] Schlag

\sharp criticism beißende Kritik

to have a \sharp tongue eine scharfe [o spitze] Zunge haben, scharfzüngig sein

▪ to be \sharp with sb unfreundlich zu jdm sein, jdm eine schroffe Antwort geben

5. (stabbing) stechend

\sharp pain stechender Schmerz

\sharp stab [of pain] [schmerzhaftes] Stechen

6. (sudden) plötzlich; (marked) drastisch

\sharp deterioration drastische Verschlechterung

\sharp downturn/upturn starker Abschwung/Aufschwung

\sharp drop [or fall] [or decline] starker [o drastischer] Rückgang

\sharp rise [or increase] starker [o drastischer] Anstieg

7. (clear-cut) scharf, deutlich, klar

her pro-European views are in \sharp contrast to those of many of her colleagues ihre proeuropäischen Ansichten sind denen vieler ihrer Kollegen diametral entgegengesetzt

a \sharp television picture ein scharfes Fernsehbild

to bring sth into \sharp focus etw klar und deutlich herausstellen

8. (perceptive) raffiniert, scharfsinnig

\sharp eyes/ears scharfe Augen/Ohren

to have a \sharp eye for sth etw sofort erkennen

\sharp mind scharfer Verstand

to keep a \sharp watch [or eye] on sb/sth jdn/etw immer im Auge behalten, jdn/etw genau beobachten

9. ( fam: trendy) elegant

a \sharp-suited business executive ein sorgfältig gekleideter Manager

to be a very \sharp dresser immer sehr schick angezogen sein

10. (piquant) taste scharf [gewürzt]

11. (penetrating) schrill

a \sharp noise ein schrilles Geräusch

\sharp voice schrille Stimme

12. (cold) schneidend

a \sharp frost ein durchdringender Frost

13. MUS

C \sharp Cis nt

F \sharp Fis nt

G \sharp Gis nt

D \sharp Dis nt

▪ to be \sharp zu hoch intonieren

14.

▶ the \sharp end ( fam: cutting edge) das Zentrum des Geschehens; BRIT (of ship) Bug m

II. adv

1. inv (exactly) genau

the performance will start at 7.30 \sharp die Aufführung beginnt um Punkt 7.30 Uhr

2. (suddenly)

to pull up \sharp car scharf ranfahren fam, knapp auffahren ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

to turn \sharp right/left scharf rechts/links abbiegen

3. MUS zu hoch

she sang \sharp at the top notes bei den oberen Tönen sang sie zu hoch

III. n MUS Kreuz nt

* * *
[ʃAːp]
1. adj (+er)

1) knife, blade etc scharf; needle, point etc spitz

2) (= clear-cut, not blurred) outline, photo, contrast scharf

to come into sharp focus (fig inf) — aufs Korn genommen werden

3) (= observant, keen) eyes, wits, glance, mind scharf; nose gut, empfindlich; observation, remark scharfsinnig, schlau; (= intelligent) person schlau, gewieft (inf), auf Draht (inf); child schlau, aufgeweckt

that was pretty sharp of you — das war ganz schön schlau or clever (inf) von dir

keep a sharp watch for him/the train — pass gut auf, ob du ihn/den Zug siehst

4) (= sudden, intense) whistle, cry durchdringend, schrill; drop in prices steil; frost, contrast scharf; shower, desire, pain heftig; hunger nagend (geh), groß

after a short, sharp struggle — nach kurzem, heftigem Kampf

be sharp about it! (inf) — (ein bisschen) dalli! (inf), zack, zack! (inf)

5) (= acute) angle spitz; bend, turn by car scharf

6) (pej: cunning) person gerissen, raffiniert, clever (inf); trick etc raffiniert

sharp practice — unsaubere Geschäfte

that was a pretty sharp move — das war ein raffinierter Schachzug

7) (= harsh, fierce) tongue, retort, tone of voice scharf; person schroff; temper hitzig

8) (= acidic, pungent) taste scharf; apple sauer; wine herb, sauer (pej); (fig = biting) air schneidend kalt; wind beißend

9) (MUS) note (= too high) zu hoch; (= raised a semitone) (um einen Halbton) erhöht

you played F natural instead of F sharp —

her voice goes sharp on the higher notes — sie singt die höheren Töne zu hoch

10) (inf: stylish) person, clothes toll (inf), todschick (inf); piece of driving clever (inf)

he's a sharp dresser — er zieht sich immer todschick an (inf)

2. adv (+er)

1) (MUS) zu hoch

2) (= punctually) pünktlich, genau

at 5 o'clock sharp — Punkt 5 Uhr

3)

look sharp! — dalli! (inf), zack, zack! (inf)

if you don't look sharp... — wenn du nicht schnell machst...

to pull up sharp — plötzlich anhalten

to turn sharp left — scharf nach links abbiegen

3. n (MUS)
Kreuz nt
* * *

sharp [ʃɑː(r)p]

A adj (adv sharply)

1. scharf (Kurve, Messer etc):

be at the sharp end fig in vorderster Linie oder an vorderster Front stehen; → academic.ru/75505/tongue">tongue A 1

2. spitz (Nase etc):

from a sharp angle SPORT aus spitzem Winkel

3. steil, jäh (Anstieg etc)

4. fig allg scharf:

a) deutlich (Kontrast, Konturen etc)

b) herb, beißend (Geruch, Geschmack etc)

c) schneidend (Stimme etc):

sharp cry durchdringender Schrei

d) schneidend, beißend (Frost, Wind)

e) stechend, heftig (Schmerz)

f) durchdringend (Blick)

g) hart (Kritik etc)

h) spitz (Bemerkung etc)

i) wachsam (Auge, Ohr)

j) schnell (Tempo etc)

k) jäh, plötzlich:

brake sharply scharf bremsen

5. heftig, hitzig:

a sharp desire ein heftiges Verlangen;

a sharp temper ein hitziges Temperament

6. angespannt (Aufmerksamkeit)

7. a) scharfsinnig

b) aufgeweckt, auf Draht umg

c) umg gerissen, raffiniert:

sharp practice Gaunerei f

8. MUS

a) scharf (im Klang)

b) (zu) hoch

c) (durch Kreuz um einen Halbton) erhöht

d) groß, übermäßig (Intervall)

e) Kreuz…

9. LING stimmlos, scharf (Konsonant)

B v/t & v/i

1. MUS zu hoch singen oder spielen

2. obs betrügen

C adv

1. scharf

2. jäh, plötzlich

3. pünktlich, genau:

at three o’clock sharp Punkt 3 (Uhr)

4. schnell:

look sharp! mach fix oder schnell!, dalli! umg

5. MUS zu hoch:

sing (play) sharp

D s

1. pl lange Nähnadeln pl

2. umg

a) → sharper 1

b) Fachmann m, -frau f

3. MUS

a) auch sharp sign Kreuz n, Erhöhungszeichen n

b) Erhöhung f, Halbton m (of über dat)

c) nächsthöhere Taste

* * *
1. adjective
1) (with fine edge) scharf; (with fine point) spitz [Nadel, Bleistift, Giebel, Gipfel]

2) (clear-cut) scharf [Umriss, Kontrast, Bild, Gesichtszüge, Linie]; deutlich [Unterscheidung]; präzise [Eindruck]

3) (abrupt, angular) scharf [Kurve, Winkel]; steil, schroff [Abhang]; stark [Gefälle]

a sharp rise/fall in prices — ein jäher Preisanstieg/Preissturz

4) (intense) groß [Appetit, Hunger[gefühl]]; (acid, pungent) scharf [Würze, Geschmack, Sauce, Käse]; sauer [Apfel]; herb [Wein]; (shrill, piercing) schrill [Schrei, Pfiff]; (biting) scharf [Wind, Frost, Luft]; (sudden, severe) heftig [Schmerz, Anfall, Krampf, Kampf]; (harsh, acrimonious) scharf [Protest, Tadel, Ton, Stimme, Zunge, Worte]

a short sharp struggle — ein kurzer, heftiger Kampf

5) (acute, quick) scharf [Augen, Verstand, Gehör, Ohr, Beobachtungsgabe, Intelligenz, Geruchssinn]; aufgeweckt [Kind]; scharfsinnig [Bemerkung]; begabt [Schüler, Student]

that was pretty sharp! — das war ganz schön clever!

keep a sharp lookout for the police! — halt die Augen offen, falls die Polizei kommt!

6) (derog.): (artful, dishonest, quick to take advantage) gerissen

7) (Mus.) [um einen Halbton] erhöht [Note]

F/G/C etc. sharp — fis, Fis/gis, Gis/cis, Cis usw., das
2. adverb
1) (punctually)

at six o'clock sharp — Punkt sechs Uhr

2) (suddenly) scharf [bremsen]; plötzlich [anhalten]

turn sharp right — scharf nach rechts abbiegen

3)

look sharp! — halt dich ran! (ugs.)

4) (Mus.) zu hoch [singen, spielen]
3. noun
(Mus.) erhöhter Ton; (symbol) Kreuz, das; Erhöhungszeichen, das

* * *

(\#) (music) n.

Doppelkreuz (\#) n. (\#) n.

Doppelkreuz-Zeichen (\#) n. (music) n.

Doppelkreuz n. adj.

pünktlich adj.

scharf adj.

schrill adj.

English-german dictionary > sharp

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См. также в других словарях:

harsh´ness — harsh «hahrsh», adjective. 1. unpleasantly rough to the touch: »a harsh towel, fruit with a harsh rind. SYNONYM(S): rugged. 2. unpleasantly rough to the taste; astringent: »a harsh flavor. SYNONYM(S): acrid, sour, sharp … Useful english dictionary
harsh´ly — harsh «hahrsh», adjective. 1. unpleasantly rough to the touch: »a harsh towel, fruit with a harsh rind. SYNONYM(S): rugged. 2. unpleasantly rough to the taste; astringent: »a harsh flavor. SYNONYM(S): acrid, sour, sharp … Useful english dictionary
harsh — ► ADJECTIVE 1) unpleasantly rough or jarring to the senses. 2) cruel or severe. 3) (of climate or conditions) difficult to survive in; hostile. DERIVATIVES harshen verb harshly adverb harshness noun. ORIGIN … English terms dictionary
harsh-furred hare — ˈ ̷ ̷ˌ ̷ ̷ noun : a small hare (Caprolagus hispidus or Lepus hispidus) of the eastern Himalayan foothills with a massive skull, short ears, and a dull dark coat in which whitish bristly hairs are mingled … Useful english dictionary
harsh — adjective 1 CONDITIONS/WEATHER difficult to live in and very uncomfortable, cold etc: The prisoners had to endure harsh living conditions and near starvation. | the harsh winters of northern China | harsh reality: experiencing the harsh realities … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
harsh — /haʃ / (say hahsh) adjective 1. ungentle and unpleasant in action or effect: harsh treatment. 2. rough to the touch or to any of the senses: a harsh surface; a harsh voice. 3. jarring upon the aesthetic senses; inartistic: his painting was full… …
harsh — adjective Etymology: Middle English harsk, of Scandinavian origin; akin to Norwegian harsk harsh Date: 14th century 1. having a coarse uneven surface that is rough or unpleasant to the touch 2. a. causing a disagreeable or painful sensory… … New Collegiate Dictionary
harsh — [16] Harsh originally meant ‘hairy’. Its ancestor, Middle Low German harsch, was a derivative of the noun haer ‘hair’, and its exact English equivalent would have been hairish. By the time English acquired it, it had broadened out in meaning to… … The Hutchinson dictionary of word origins
harsh — [16] Harsh originally meant ‘hairy’. Its ancestor, Middle Low German harsch, was a derivative of the noun haer ‘hair’, and its exact English equivalent would have been hairish. By the time English acquired it, it had broadened out in meaning to… … Word origins
harsh — adjective 1》 unpleasantly rough or jarring to the senses. 2》 cruel or severe. ↘(of reality or a fact) grim and unpalatable. Derivatives harshen verb harshly adverb harshness noun Origin ME: from Mid. Low Ger. harsch rough , lit. hairy , from… … English new terms dictionary
harsh words — /haʃ ˈwɜdz/ (say hahsh werdz) plural noun severely critical comments …

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